A case-control study of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in Uganda

TY - JOUR

T1 - A case-control study of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in Uganda

AU - Waddell, Keith

AU - Kwehangana, James

AU - Johnston, William T.

AU - Lucas, Sebastian

AU - Newton, Robert

N1 - © 2009 UICC. This is an author-produced version of a paper accepted for publication. Uploaded with permission of the publisher/copyright holder. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details

PY - 2010/7/15

Y1 - 2010/7/15

N2 - HIV increases the risk of OSSN. Here we investigate other factors in a case-control study from Uganda with 318 cases (48 CIN I, 66 CIN II, 81 CIN III and 123 with invasive disease) and 762 controls. Initial analyses were stratified by HIV serostatus (204 cases and 202 controls were HIV seropositive), but since findings were similar in infected and uninfected people, the combined results are presented here. The risk of OSSN increased with increasing time spent in direct sunlight (p(trend) = 0.003, adjusted for age, sex, residential district and HIV serostatus): compared to those who reported spending up to 1 hr a day in direct sunlight, the risk was 1.7 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.2-2.4) in those reporting 2-4-hr exposure and 1.8 (95% CI 1.1-3.1) in those reporting 5+ hr. The risk was also increased among people reporting a previous injury to the affected eye (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.5). Pinguecula in the nasal quadrant of the unaffected eye were evident on clinical examination for 98% of cases (293/300) and for 91% of the same quadrant in the right eye (246/271) of controls (OR = 6.4, 95% CI 2.5-16.1). We confirm associations with exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and with the presence of pinguecula and report a role for previous ocular trauma in the aetiology of OSSN. We did not identify any additional factors that point to an underlying infectious cause, although this is an area of on-going research.

AB - HIV increases the risk of OSSN. Here we investigate other factors in a case-control study from Uganda with 318 cases (48 CIN I, 66 CIN II, 81 CIN III and 123 with invasive disease) and 762 controls. Initial analyses were stratified by HIV serostatus (204 cases and 202 controls were HIV seropositive), but since findings were similar in infected and uninfected people, the combined results are presented here. The risk of OSSN increased with increasing time spent in direct sunlight (p(trend) = 0.003, adjusted for age, sex, residential district and HIV serostatus): compared to those who reported spending up to 1 hr a day in direct sunlight, the risk was 1.7 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.2-2.4) in those reporting 2-4-hr exposure and 1.8 (95% CI 1.1-3.1) in those reporting 5+ hr. The risk was also increased among people reporting a previous injury to the affected eye (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.5). Pinguecula in the nasal quadrant of the unaffected eye were evident on clinical examination for 98% of cases (293/300) and for 91% of the same quadrant in the right eye (246/271) of controls (OR = 6.4, 95% CI 2.5-16.1). We confirm associations with exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and with the presence of pinguecula and report a role for previous ocular trauma in the aetiology of OSSN. We did not identify any additional factors that point to an underlying infectious cause, although this is an area of on-going research.

KW - conjunctiva

KW - squamous

KW - neoplasia

KW - carcinoma

KW - CELL CARCINOMA

KW - CONJUNCTIVAL CARCINOMA

KW - RISK-FACTORS

KW - EYE

KW - EPIDEMIOLOGY

KW - PTERYGIUM

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953727631&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/ijc.25040

DO - 10.1002/ijc.25040

M3 - Article

SN - 0020-7136

VL - 127

SP - 427

EP - 432

JO - International Journal of Cancer

JF - International Journal of Cancer

IS - 2

ER -