An exploratory study of gamblers’ perceptions of music’s effects on gambling behaviour

TY - JOUR

T1 - An exploratory study of gamblers’ perceptions of music’s effects on gambling behaviour

AU - Bramley, Stephanie

AU - Dibben, Nicola

AU - Rowe, Richard

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2018/12

Y1 - 2018/12

N2 - Background music is often present in gambling environments and has been found to influence gamblers’ behaviour. However, little is known about gamblers’ perception of environmental influences, including music, and whether gamblers believe that such influences can impact upon their gambling behaviour. An online questionnaire was administered to 136 gamblers to probe the perceived effects of gambling operator-selected and self-selected music on the cognitive, emotional, and behavioural aspects of gambling. In general, few respondents believed that music influences aspects of gambling participation. However, the analysis indicated that some gamblers, particularly those classified as moderate-risk and problem gamblers, self-select music to accompany gambling, and analysis of free-text responses indicated that this was undertaken to match their musical preferences or out of habit. Some gamblers believed that self-selected music promoted positive moods and supported concentration. Furthermore, some poker players thought that music may serve unique functions such as helping them to mask outward emotions and filling time between games. This study demonstrates that self-selected music is sometimes purposefully used by gamblers to support the cognitive and emotional aspects of gambling. However, as few gamblers believed that music could influence the cognitive, emotional, and behavioural aspects of gambling, this research reveals a disparity between subjective opinions and objective evidence, as gathered in published empirical laboratory experiments. This indicates the need to improve gamblers’ awareness of the potential influence of background music on the gambling experience.

AB - Background music is often present in gambling environments and has been found to influence gamblers’ behaviour. However, little is known about gamblers’ perception of environmental influences, including music, and whether gamblers believe that such influences can impact upon their gambling behaviour. An online questionnaire was administered to 136 gamblers to probe the perceived effects of gambling operator-selected and self-selected music on the cognitive, emotional, and behavioural aspects of gambling. In general, few respondents believed that music influences aspects of gambling participation. However, the analysis indicated that some gamblers, particularly those classified as moderate-risk and problem gamblers, self-select music to accompany gambling, and analysis of free-text responses indicated that this was undertaken to match their musical preferences or out of habit. Some gamblers believed that self-selected music promoted positive moods and supported concentration. Furthermore, some poker players thought that music may serve unique functions such as helping them to mask outward emotions and filling time between games. This study demonstrates that self-selected music is sometimes purposefully used by gamblers to support the cognitive and emotional aspects of gambling. However, as few gamblers believed that music could influence the cognitive, emotional, and behavioural aspects of gambling, this research reveals a disparity between subjective opinions and objective evidence, as gathered in published empirical laboratory experiments. This indicates the need to improve gamblers’ awareness of the potential influence of background music on the gambling experience.

KW - Background music

KW - Beliefs

KW - Gambling

KW - Gambling behaviour perception

KW - Musical preferences

KW - Self-selected music

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061325019&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.4309/jgi.2018.40.5

DO - 10.4309/jgi.2018.40.5

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85061325019

SN - 1910-7595

VL - 40

SP - 116

EP - 135

JO - Journal of gambling issues

JF - Journal of gambling issues

ER -