Emission inventory of inorganic trace gases from solid residential fuels over the National Capital Territory of India

TY - JOUR

T1 - Emission inventory of inorganic trace gases from solid residential fuels over the National Capital Territory of India

AU - Arya, Rahul

AU - Ahlawat, Sakshi

AU - Yadav, Lokesh

AU - Rani, Martina

AU - Mondal, Arnab

AU - Jangirh, Ritu

AU - Kotnala, Garima

AU - Choudhary, Nikki

AU - Rai, Akansha

AU - Saharan, Ummed Singh

AU - Yadav, Pooja

AU - Banoo, Rubiya

AU - Sharma, Sudhir Kumar

AU - Gurjar, Bhola Ram

AU - Nemitz, Eiko

AU - Hamilton, Jacqueline F.

AU - Mandal, Tuhin Kumar

PY - 2024/1/1

Y1 - 2024/1/1

N2 - In developing nations, solid residential fuels are the major sources of primary energy for various domestic activities. To date, the emission inventory of inorganic trace gases over National Capital Territory (NCT) was prepared using either default or country-specific emission factors. In this paper, we report (for the first time) the spatial variation of emission factors (EFs) of inorganic trace gases (SO2, NO, NO2, CO, CO2, and CH4) from the residential fuels used in slums and rural areas of NCT determined using dilution chamber in the laboratory. 147 residential fuel samples, including fuelwood, dung cake, crop residues, coal, etc., were collected at 149 NCT locations out of 675 slum clusters and 146 rural villages. The range of EF(s) of SO2 (0.02 ± 0.01 to 0.04 ± 0.01 g kg−1), CH4 (0.10 to 0.34 g kg−1), NO2 (0.01 to 0.02 g kg−1) is lower than the CO (3.55 ± 1.72 to 6.07 ± 1.53 g kg−1) and CO2 (0 to 129.45 ± 46.94 g kg−1). The north and north west districts of NCT are emission hotspots for CH4, NO, and NO2 emissions, whereas, the southern and northern areas of NCT are for CO2. These citywide emission inventories (0.05° × 0.05°) of inorganic trace gases are prepared using laboratory-determined EFs and available consumption data determined by recent survey information. Among solid residential fuels, fuel wood, and dung cake are two major contributors to inorganic trace gases in NCT.

AB - In developing nations, solid residential fuels are the major sources of primary energy for various domestic activities. To date, the emission inventory of inorganic trace gases over National Capital Territory (NCT) was prepared using either default or country-specific emission factors. In this paper, we report (for the first time) the spatial variation of emission factors (EFs) of inorganic trace gases (SO2, NO, NO2, CO, CO2, and CH4) from the residential fuels used in slums and rural areas of NCT determined using dilution chamber in the laboratory. 147 residential fuel samples, including fuelwood, dung cake, crop residues, coal, etc., were collected at 149 NCT locations out of 675 slum clusters and 146 rural villages. The range of EF(s) of SO2 (0.02 ± 0.01 to 0.04 ± 0.01 g kg−1), CH4 (0.10 to 0.34 g kg−1), NO2 (0.01 to 0.02 g kg−1) is lower than the CO (3.55 ± 1.72 to 6.07 ± 1.53 g kg−1) and CO2 (0 to 129.45 ± 46.94 g kg−1). The north and north west districts of NCT are emission hotspots for CH4, NO, and NO2 emissions, whereas, the southern and northern areas of NCT are for CO2. These citywide emission inventories (0.05° × 0.05°) of inorganic trace gases are prepared using laboratory-determined EFs and available consumption data determined by recent survey information. Among solid residential fuels, fuel wood, and dung cake are two major contributors to inorganic trace gases in NCT.

U2 - 10.1007/s11356-023-31278-x

DO - 10.1007/s11356-023-31278-x

M3 - Article

SN - 1614-7499

VL - 31

SP - 4012

EP - 4024

JO - Environmental Science and Pollution Research

JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research

IS - 3

ER -