Evidence for three factors of perfectionism:: Perfectionistic Strivings, Order, and Perfectionistic Concerns

Lisa Kim; Lanhowe Chen; Carolyn MacCann; Lisa Karlov; Sabina Kleitman

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.033

Evidence for three factors of perfectionism: Perfectionistic Strivings, Order, and Perfectionistic Concerns

Lisa Kim, Lanhowe Chen, Carolyn MacCann, Lisa Karlov, Sabina Kleitman

Education

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The factor structure of perfectionism is inconsistent across models. Most models distinguish between adaptive and maladaptive aspects of perfectionism, but often do not include elements representing order. Order, however, is theoretically important and distinct from the broad adaptive perfectionism factor. Therefore, a three-factor model of perfectionism was tested in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 208) who completed the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised and the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. According to the chi-squared difference test and CFI differences, model fit improved when repre- senting Order as a separate factor. In addition, Order and Perfectionistic Strivings factors showed signif- icantly different correlations with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism, academic performance expectation, and four achievement goal orientations, providing further evidence of their distinctiveness. Therefore, including Order as a separate factor represents a better model of perfectionism.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	16-22
Number of pages	7
Journal	Personality and Individual Differences
Volume	84
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.033
Publication status	Published - 14 Feb 2015

Bibliographical note

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details.

Keywords

perfectionism
confirmatory factor analysis

Access to Document

10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.033

Perfectionism Structural Model
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details.
Accepted author manuscript, 355 KB

Cite this

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abstract = "The factor structure of perfectionism is inconsistent across models. Most models distinguish between adaptive and maladaptive aspects of perfectionism, but often do not include elements representing order. Order, however, is theoretically important and distinct from the broad adaptive perfectionism factor. Therefore, a three-factor model of perfectionism was tested in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 208) who completed the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised and the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. According to the chi-squared difference test and CFI differences, model fit improved when repre- senting Order as a separate factor. In addition, Order and Perfectionistic Strivings factors showed signif- icantly different correlations with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism, academic performance expectation, and four achievement goal orientations, providing further evidence of their distinctiveness. Therefore, including Order as a separate factor represents a better model of perfectionism.",

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AU - Kleitman, Sabina

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