Extreme ultraviolet laser ablation and time of flight mass spectrometry of gold, aluminum, and copper targets

Sarah Wilson; James Lolley; Eduardo Solis Meza; Gregory John Tallents; Lydia Rush; Carmen Menoni; Jorge  Rocca

doi:10.1063/5.0212133

Extreme ultraviolet laser ablation and time of flight mass spectrometry of gold, aluminum, and copper targets

Sarah Wilson^*
, James Lolley
, Eduardo Solis Meza
, Gregory John Tallents
, Lydia Rush
, Carmen Menoni
, Jorge Rocca

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

An ablation crater depth estimation model, founded on the concept of an ionizing bleaching wave, has been developed for metal targets irradiated by an extreme ultra-violet (EUV) laser. Two EUV capillary discharge lasers operating with a wavelength of 46.9 nm were focused onto targets of gold, aluminium and copper using two different experimental set-ups to maximise the laser fluence range. The experimental ablation craters were measured using an atomic force microscope and the depths are compared to the ionizing wave model. The model is dependant on the dominant ion charge of the ablated plasma, which has been measured experimentally using the low fluence set-up with a Time of Flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The measured ablation depths and ion charges at low fluences are in agreement with the model. The ablation crater depths in the higher fluence range have confirmed the trends predicted by the model showing potential to expand its use to other materials and fluence ranges.

Original language	English
Journal	Physics of Plasmas
Volume	31
Issue number	8
Early online date	1 Aug 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0212133
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 1 Aug 2024

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10.1063/5.0212133Licence: CC BY

082702_1_5.0212133
C 2024 Author(s)
Final published version, 1.51 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Extreme ultraviolet laser ablation and time of flight mass spectrometry of gold, aluminum, and copper targets",

abstract = "An ablation crater depth estimation model, founded on the concept of an ionizing bleaching wave, has been developed for metal targets irradiated by an extreme ultra-violet (EUV) laser. Two EUV capillary discharge lasers operating with a wavelength of 46.9 nm were focused onto targets of gold, aluminium and copper using two different experimental set-ups to maximise the laser fluence range. The experimental ablation craters were measured using an atomic force microscope and the depths are compared to the ionizing wave model. The model is dependant on the dominant ion charge of the ablated plasma, which has been measured experimentally using the low fluence set-up with a Time of Flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The measured ablation depths and ion charges at low fluences are in agreement with the model. The ablation crater depths in the higher fluence range have confirmed the trends predicted by the model showing potential to expand its use to other materials and fluence ranges.",

author = "Sarah Wilson and James Lolley and \{Solis Meza\}, Eduardo and Tallents, \{Gregory John\} and Lydia Rush and Carmen Menoni and Jorge Rocca",

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T1 - Extreme ultraviolet laser ablation and time of flight mass spectrometry of gold, aluminum, and copper targets

AU - Wilson, Sarah

AU - Lolley, James

AU - Solis Meza, Eduardo

AU - Tallents, Gregory John

AU - Rush, Lydia

AU - Menoni, Carmen

AU - Rocca, Jorge

PY - 2024/8/1

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AB - An ablation crater depth estimation model, founded on the concept of an ionizing bleaching wave, has been developed for metal targets irradiated by an extreme ultra-violet (EUV) laser. Two EUV capillary discharge lasers operating with a wavelength of 46.9 nm were focused onto targets of gold, aluminium and copper using two different experimental set-ups to maximise the laser fluence range. The experimental ablation craters were measured using an atomic force microscope and the depths are compared to the ionizing wave model. The model is dependant on the dominant ion charge of the ablated plasma, which has been measured experimentally using the low fluence set-up with a Time of Flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The measured ablation depths and ion charges at low fluences are in agreement with the model. The ablation crater depths in the higher fluence range have confirmed the trends predicted by the model showing potential to expand its use to other materials and fluence ranges.

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