Abstract
The rapid proliferation of photovoltaic (PV) solar cells as a clean energy source has raised significant concerns regarding their end-of-life (EoL) management, particularly in terms of sustainability and waste reduction. This review comprehensively examines challenges, opportunities, and future directions in the recycling of PV solar cells, focusing on mechanical, thermal, and chemical recycling techniques. It also evaluates the scalability and practicality of these methods to different PV technologies, including crystalline silicon and thin-film modules. It explores the economic and environmental impacts of these processes, highlighting the necessity of developing robust recycling infrastructure and innovative technologies to address the anticipated surge in PV waste. Additionally, this review discusses the critical role of government policies and industry collaboration in overcoming the barriers to effective recycling. Furthermore, the importance of integrating design-for-recyclability principles into PV module development is emphasized, as it can significantly enhance material recovery and process efficiency. By advancing these strategies, the solar industry can achieve greater sustainability, reduce resource depletion, and mitigate environmental risks, thereby ensuring the long-term viability of solar energy as a key component of global renewable energy initiatives.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 4 |
| Number of pages | 31 |
| Journal | Solar |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 11 Feb 2025 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2025 by the authors.
Keywords
- circular economy
- end-of-life PV panels
- photovoltaic solar cells
- PV recycling