Glycosyltransferases of lipophilic small molecules

TY - JOUR

T1 - Glycosyltransferases of lipophilic small molecules

AU - Bowles, Dianna

AU - Lim, Eng-Kiat

AU - Poppenberger, Brigitte

AU - Vaistij, Fabian E.

PY - 2006

Y1 - 2006

N2 - Glycosyltransferases of small molecules transfer sugars to a wide range of acceptors, from hormones and secondary metabolites to biotic and abiotic chemicals and toxins in the environment. The enzymes are encoded by large multigene families and can be identified by a signature motif in their primary sequence, which classifies them as a subset of Family 1 glycosyltransferases. The transfer of a sugar onto a lipophilic acceptor changes its chemical properties, alters its bioactivity, and enables access to membrane transporter systems. In vitro studies have shown that a single gene product can glycosylate multiple substrates of diverse origins; multiple enzymes can also glycosylate the same substrate. These features suggest that in a cellular context, substrate availability is a determining factor in enzyme function, and redundancy depends on the extent of coordinate gene regulation. This review discusses the role of these glycosyltransferases in underpinning developmental and metabolic plasticity during adaptive responses.

AB - Glycosyltransferases of small molecules transfer sugars to a wide range of acceptors, from hormones and secondary metabolites to biotic and abiotic chemicals and toxins in the environment. The enzymes are encoded by large multigene families and can be identified by a signature motif in their primary sequence, which classifies them as a subset of Family 1 glycosyltransferases. The transfer of a sugar onto a lipophilic acceptor changes its chemical properties, alters its bioactivity, and enables access to membrane transporter systems. In vitro studies have shown that a single gene product can glycosylate multiple substrates of diverse origins; multiple enzymes can also glycosylate the same substrate. These features suggest that in a cellular context, substrate availability is a determining factor in enzyme function, and redundancy depends on the extent of coordinate gene regulation. This review discusses the role of these glycosyltransferases in underpinning developmental and metabolic plasticity during adaptive responses.

KW - detoxification

KW - homeostasis

KW - hormones

KW - secondary metabolites

KW - stress responses

KW - CARBOXYPEPTIDASE-LIKE PROTEIN

KW - ZEATIN O-GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE

KW - LEGUME MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA

KW - CELL-SUSPENSION CULTURES

KW - SECALE-CEREALE L

KW - ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA

KW - UDP-GLUCOSE

KW - SALICYLIC-ACID

KW - ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS

KW - HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION

U2 - 10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105429

DO - 10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105429

M3 - Literature review

SN - 1543-5008

VL - 57

SP - 567

EP - 597

JO - Annual Review of Plant Biology

JF - Annual Review of Plant Biology

ER -