Abstract
Infectious agents are an important cause of cancer, particularly
in low- and middle-income countries, which have limited ability to
manage the disease; therefore, prevention is a priority.
● The bacterium Helicobacter pylori was estimated to be responsible for about 810 000 new cancer cases in 2018, including 89% of non-cardia gastric cancers (760 000 cases), 74% of gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (22 000 cases) and 29% of cardia gastric cancers in East Asia (36 000 cases). Treatment by a combination of anti-microbial drugs is potentially preventive.
● Thirteen sexually transmitted mucosal human papillomavirus subtypes are established human carcinogens. Together, they are responsible for all cervical
cancer cases globally (570 000 cases) and a variable proportion of cases of other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers (totalling 120 000 cases). Vaccination
against human papillomaviruses occurs in more than 80 countries.
● Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus resulted in about 360 000 cases and 140 000 cases, respectively, of hepatocellular carcinoma
in 2018, amounting to about 76% of all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Preventive vaccines against hepatitis B virus have been available since 1982, and direct-acting antiviral agents have the potential to cure more than 95% of people
with hepatitis C virus infection.
in low- and middle-income countries, which have limited ability to
manage the disease; therefore, prevention is a priority.
● The bacterium Helicobacter pylori was estimated to be responsible for about 810 000 new cancer cases in 2018, including 89% of non-cardia gastric cancers (760 000 cases), 74% of gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (22 000 cases) and 29% of cardia gastric cancers in East Asia (36 000 cases). Treatment by a combination of anti-microbial drugs is potentially preventive.
● Thirteen sexually transmitted mucosal human papillomavirus subtypes are established human carcinogens. Together, they are responsible for all cervical
cancer cases globally (570 000 cases) and a variable proportion of cases of other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers (totalling 120 000 cases). Vaccination
against human papillomaviruses occurs in more than 80 countries.
● Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus resulted in about 360 000 cases and 140 000 cases, respectively, of hepatocellular carcinoma
in 2018, amounting to about 76% of all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Preventive vaccines against hepatitis B virus have been available since 1982, and direct-acting antiviral agents have the potential to cure more than 95% of people
with hepatitis C virus infection.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | World Cancer Report |
| Subtitle of host publication | Cancer research for cancer prevention |
| Editors | B. V. Stewart, E. Weiderpass, C. P. Wild |
| Place of Publication | Lyons |
| Publisher | International Agency for Research on Cancer |
| Chapter | 2 |
| Pages | 61-67 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Volume | 2020 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 978-92-832-0448-0 |
| ISBN (Print) | 978-92-832-0447-3 |
| Publication status | Published - 2020 |
Publication series
| Name | World Cancer Report |
|---|---|
| Publisher | International Agency for Resarech on Cancer |