Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps

Dan Fitton; Beth T. Bell; Janet C. Read

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85610-6_40

Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps

Dan Fitton^*, Beth T. Bell, Janet C. Read

^*Corresponding author for this work

Education

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

Mobile technologies potentially expose children and adolescents to increasing online risk. These risks take many forms and are widely categorized using the 4Cs: Content, Conduct, Contact, and Commerce. Commerce is the least developed category and, while it has significant overlap with what is known as Dark Design within the field of UX, amalgamation of Dark Design and the 4Cs has not yet been considered. Within this paper we integrate Dark Design into the 4Cs to provide a set of questions we call RIGA (Risk In Games Assessment) and use RIGA to identify potential risks to children and adolescents in free-to-play mobile gaming apps. The key contribution of this paper is the integration of contemporary understandings of Dark Design into the 4Cs framework, through the RIGA question set, which can support research and practitioner communities in identifying potential risk to young people present in mobile gaming apps.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Proceedings
Editors	Carmelo Ardito, Rosa Lanzilotti, Alessio Malizia, Alessio Malizia, Helen Petrie, Antonio Piccinno, Giuseppe Desolda, Kori Inkpen
Publisher	Springer
Pages	701-711
Number of pages	11
ISBN (Print)	9783030856090
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85610-6_40
Publication status	Published - 26 Aug 2021
Event	18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2021 - Virtual, Online Duration: 30 Aug 2021 → 3 Sept 2021

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume	12935 LNCS
ISSN (Print)	0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)	1611-3349

Conference

Conference	18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2021
City	Virtual, Online
Period	30/08/21 → 3/09/21

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.

Keywords

Children
Dark Design
Dark patterns
Games
Online risk

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-030-85610-6_40

Cite this

Fitton, D., Bell, B. T., & Read, J. C. (2021). Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps. In C. Ardito, R. Lanzilotti, A. Malizia, A. Malizia, H. Petrie, A. Piccinno, G. Desolda, & K. Inkpen (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Proceedings (pp. 701-711). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 12935 LNCS). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85610-6_40

Fitton, Dan ; Bell, Beth T. ; Read, Janet C. / Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps. Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Proceedings. editor / Carmelo Ardito ; Rosa Lanzilotti ; Alessio Malizia ; Alessio Malizia ; Helen Petrie ; Antonio Piccinno ; Giuseppe Desolda ; Kori Inkpen. Springer, 2021. pp. 701-711 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)).

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abstract = "Mobile technologies potentially expose children and adolescents to increasing online risk. These risks take many forms and are widely categorized using the 4Cs: Content, Conduct, Contact, and Commerce. Commerce is the least developed category and, while it has significant overlap with what is known as Dark Design within the field of UX, amalgamation of Dark Design and the 4Cs has not yet been considered. Within this paper we integrate Dark Design into the 4Cs to provide a set of questions we call RIGA (Risk In Games Assessment) and use RIGA to identify potential risks to children and adolescents in free-to-play mobile gaming apps. The key contribution of this paper is the integration of contemporary understandings of Dark Design into the 4Cs framework, through the RIGA question set, which can support research and practitioner communities in identifying potential risk to young people present in mobile gaming apps.",

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Fitton, D, Bell, BT & Read, JC 2021, Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps. in C Ardito, R Lanzilotti, A Malizia, A Malizia, H Petrie, A Piccinno, G Desolda & K Inkpen (eds), Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 12935 LNCS, Springer, pp. 701-711, 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2021, Virtual, Online, 30/08/21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85610-6_40

Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps. / Fitton, Dan; Bell, Beth T.; Read, Janet C.
Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Proceedings. ed. / Carmelo Ardito; Rosa Lanzilotti; Alessio Malizia; Alessio Malizia; Helen Petrie; Antonio Piccinno; Giuseppe Desolda; Kori Inkpen. Springer, 2021. p. 701-711 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 12935 LNCS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps

AU - Fitton, Dan

AU - Bell, Beth T.

AU - Read, Janet C.

PY - 2021/8/26

Y1 - 2021/8/26

N2 - Mobile technologies potentially expose children and adolescents to increasing online risk. These risks take many forms and are widely categorized using the 4Cs: Content, Conduct, Contact, and Commerce. Commerce is the least developed category and, while it has significant overlap with what is known as Dark Design within the field of UX, amalgamation of Dark Design and the 4Cs has not yet been considered. Within this paper we integrate Dark Design into the 4Cs to provide a set of questions we call RIGA (Risk In Games Assessment) and use RIGA to identify potential risks to children and adolescents in free-to-play mobile gaming apps. The key contribution of this paper is the integration of contemporary understandings of Dark Design into the 4Cs framework, through the RIGA question set, which can support research and practitioner communities in identifying potential risk to young people present in mobile gaming apps.

AB - Mobile technologies potentially expose children and adolescents to increasing online risk. These risks take many forms and are widely categorized using the 4Cs: Content, Conduct, Contact, and Commerce. Commerce is the least developed category and, while it has significant overlap with what is known as Dark Design within the field of UX, amalgamation of Dark Design and the 4Cs has not yet been considered. Within this paper we integrate Dark Design into the 4Cs to provide a set of questions we call RIGA (Risk In Games Assessment) and use RIGA to identify potential risks to children and adolescents in free-to-play mobile gaming apps. The key contribution of this paper is the integration of contemporary understandings of Dark Design into the 4Cs framework, through the RIGA question set, which can support research and practitioner communities in identifying potential risk to young people present in mobile gaming apps.

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T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

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BT - Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Proceedings

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A2 - Lanzilotti, Rosa

A2 - Malizia, Alessio

A2 - Petrie, Helen

A2 - Piccinno, Antonio

A2 - Desolda, Giuseppe

A2 - Inkpen, Kori

PB - Springer

T2 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2021

Y2 - 30 August 2021 through 3 September 2021

ER -

Fitton D, Bell BT, Read JC. Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps. In Ardito C, Lanzilotti R, Malizia A, Malizia A, Petrie H, Piccinno A, Desolda G, Inkpen K, editors, Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021 - 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Proceedings. Springer. 2021. p. 701-711. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85610-6_40

Integrating Dark Patterns into the 4Cs of Online Risk in the Context of Young People and Mobile Gaming Apps

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

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Cite this