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Leishmaniasis immunopathology-impact on design and use of vaccines, diagnostics and drugs

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JournalSeminars in immunopathology
DateAccepted/In press - 3 Feb 2020
DateE-pub ahead of print (current) - 9 Mar 2020
Number of pages18
Pages (from-to)1-18
Early online date9/03/20
Original languageEnglish

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a disease complex caused by 20 species of protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. In humans, it has two main clinical forms, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and cutaneous or tegumentary leishmaniasis (CL), as well as several other cutaneous manifestations in a minority of cases. In the mammalian host Leishmania parasites infect different populations of macrophages where they multiply and survive in the phagolysosomal compartment. The progression of both VL and CL depends on the maintenance of a parasite-specific immunosuppressive state based around this host macrophage infection. The complexity and variation of immune responses and immunopathology in humans and the different host interactions of the different Leishmania species has an impact upon the effectiveness of vaccines, diagnostics and drugs.

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