Lymphoid blood cancers, incidence and survival 2005-2023: A report from the UK's Haematological Malignancy Research Network

TY - JOUR

T1 - Lymphoid blood cancers, incidence and survival 2005-2023

T2 - A report from the UK's Haematological Malignancy Research Network

AU - Lamb, Maxine

AU - Painter, Daniel

AU - Howell, Debra

AU - Barrans, Sharon

AU - Cargo, Catherine

AU - de Tute, Ruth

AU - Tooze, Reuben

AU - Burton, Cathy

AU - Patmore, Russell

AU - Roman, Eve

AU - Smith, Alexandra

N1 - © 2023 The Authors

PY - 2024/2/1

Y1 - 2024/2/1

N2 - BACKGROUND: Population-based information on cancer incidence and outcome are required to inform clinical practice and research; but contemporary data are lacking for many lymphoid cancer subtypes.METHODS: Set within a socio-demographically representative UK population of ∼4 million, data are from an established UK patient cohort (N = 22,414 diagnoses). Information on incidence (crude and age-standardised) and survival (overall and net) is presented for > 40 subtypes.RESULTS: The median diagnostic age was 69.9 years (interquartile range 59.1-78.3), but unlike many other cancers, lymphoid malignancies can be diagnosed at any age; different subtypes dominating at different ages. Males were more likely to be diagnosed than females (age-standardised sex rate ratio: 1.55 (95% Confidence Interval: 1.50,1.59)), and most subtypes had a male predominance, some more than three-fold (e.g. Burkitt lymphoma 3.26 (2.42, 4.40)). Five-year net survival estimates varied hugely, ranging from 97.4% (95% CI: 56.5, 99.9) in patients with hairy cell leukaemia to 31.6% (95% CI: 2.5, 69.8) in those with T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia. No significant sex difference in survival were observed for the majority of diagnoses; one exception being classical Hodgkin lymphoma, where males had a higher mortality (Excess Mortality Ratio: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.87)). An improvement in survival over time was observed for some, but not all, of the major diagnostic groups.CONCLUSIONS: Marked incidence and survival variations by subtype, sex and age confirm the heterogeneity of lymphoid neoplasms and highlight the importance of accurately characterising disease entities. Despite recent improvements, routine cancer registration of lymphoid neoplasms remains challenging and new issues continue to emerge; including the lack of an international consensus on classification and the recording of progressions and transformations. Furthermore, the increasing need for additional molecular and genomic information required for accurate classification is likely to impact negatively on the quality of cancer registration data, especially in low income countries.

AB - BACKGROUND: Population-based information on cancer incidence and outcome are required to inform clinical practice and research; but contemporary data are lacking for many lymphoid cancer subtypes.METHODS: Set within a socio-demographically representative UK population of ∼4 million, data are from an established UK patient cohort (N = 22,414 diagnoses). Information on incidence (crude and age-standardised) and survival (overall and net) is presented for > 40 subtypes.RESULTS: The median diagnostic age was 69.9 years (interquartile range 59.1-78.3), but unlike many other cancers, lymphoid malignancies can be diagnosed at any age; different subtypes dominating at different ages. Males were more likely to be diagnosed than females (age-standardised sex rate ratio: 1.55 (95% Confidence Interval: 1.50,1.59)), and most subtypes had a male predominance, some more than three-fold (e.g. Burkitt lymphoma 3.26 (2.42, 4.40)). Five-year net survival estimates varied hugely, ranging from 97.4% (95% CI: 56.5, 99.9) in patients with hairy cell leukaemia to 31.6% (95% CI: 2.5, 69.8) in those with T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia. No significant sex difference in survival were observed for the majority of diagnoses; one exception being classical Hodgkin lymphoma, where males had a higher mortality (Excess Mortality Ratio: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.87)). An improvement in survival over time was observed for some, but not all, of the major diagnostic groups.CONCLUSIONS: Marked incidence and survival variations by subtype, sex and age confirm the heterogeneity of lymphoid neoplasms and highlight the importance of accurately characterising disease entities. Despite recent improvements, routine cancer registration of lymphoid neoplasms remains challenging and new issues continue to emerge; including the lack of an international consensus on classification and the recording of progressions and transformations. Furthermore, the increasing need for additional molecular and genomic information required for accurate classification is likely to impact negatively on the quality of cancer registration data, especially in low income countries.

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Female

KW - Aged

KW - Incidence

KW - Hematologic Neoplasms/epidemiology

KW - Lymphoma/epidemiology

KW - Hodgkin Disease

KW - United Kingdom/epidemiology

U2 - 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102513

DO - 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102513

M3 - Article

C2 - 38160571

SN - 1877-7821

VL - 88

JO - Cancer Epidemiology

JF - Cancer Epidemiology

M1 - 102513

ER -