Marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change

Callum Michael Roberts; Bethan Christine O'Leary; Douglas McCauley; Philippe Cury; Carlos Duarte; Jane Lubchenco; Daniel Pauly; Andrea Sáenz-Arroyo; Ussif Rashid Sumaila; Rod Wilson; Boris Worm; Juan Carlos Castilla

doi:10.1073/pnas.1701262114

Marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change

Callum Michael Roberts, Bethan Christine O'Leary, Douglas McCauley, Philippe Cury, Carlos Duarte, Jane Lubchenco, Daniel Pauly, Andrea Sáenz-Arroyo, Ussif Rashid Sumaila, Rod Wilson, Boris Worm, Juan Carlos Castilla

Environment and Geography

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Strong decreases in greenhouse gas emissions are required to meet the reduction trajectory resolved within the 2015 Paris Agreement. However, even these decreases will not avert serious stress and damage to life on Earth, and additional steps are needed to boost the resilience of ecosystems, safeguard their wildlife, and protect their capacity to supply vital goods and services. We discuss how well-managed marine reserves may help marine ecosystems and people adapt to five prominent impacts of climate change: acidification, sea-level rise, intensification of storms, shifts in species distribution, and decreased productivity and oxygen availability, as well as their cumulative effects. We explore the role of managed ecosystems in mitigating climate change by promoting carbon sequestration and storage and by buffering against uncertainty in management, environmental fluctuations, directional change, and extreme events. We highlight both strengths and limitations and conclude that marine reserves are a viable low-tech, cost-effective adaptation strategy that would yield multiple cobenefits from local to global scales, improving the outlook for the environment and people into the future.

Original language	English
Number of pages	9
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume	114
Issue number	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701262114
Publication status	Published - 5 Jun 2017

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PNAS MPAs Ms Roberts X Castilla 6 May 2017Accepted author manuscript, 630 KB

Cite this

Roberts, C. M., O'Leary, B. C., McCauley, D., Cury, P., Duarte, C., Lubchenco, J., Pauly, D., Sáenz-Arroyo, A., Sumaila, U. R., Wilson, R., Worm, B., & Castilla, J. C. (2017). Marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(24). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701262114

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AU - Roberts, Callum Michael

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AU - McCauley, Douglas

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AU - Duarte, Carlos

AU - Lubchenco, Jane

AU - Pauly, Daniel

AU - Sáenz-Arroyo, Andrea

AU - Sumaila, Ussif Rashid

AU - Wilson, Rod

AU - Worm, Boris

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AB - Strong decreases in greenhouse gas emissions are required to meet the reduction trajectory resolved within the 2015 Paris Agreement. However, even these decreases will not avert serious stress and damage to life on Earth, and additional steps are needed to boost the resilience of ecosystems, safeguard their wildlife, and protect their capacity to supply vital goods and services. We discuss how well-managed marine reserves may help marine ecosystems and people adapt to five prominent impacts of climate change: acidification, sea-level rise, intensification of storms, shifts in species distribution, and decreased productivity and oxygen availability, as well as their cumulative effects. We explore the role of managed ecosystems in mitigating climate change by promoting carbon sequestration and storage and by buffering against uncertainty in management, environmental fluctuations, directional change, and extreme events. We highlight both strengths and limitations and conclude that marine reserves are a viable low-tech, cost-effective adaptation strategy that would yield multiple cobenefits from local to global scales, improving the outlook for the environment and people into the future.

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