Neural crest migration requires the activity of the extracellular sulphatases XtSulf1 and XtSulf2

TY - JOUR

T1 - Neural crest migration requires the activity of the extracellular sulphatases XtSulf1 and XtSulf2

AU - Guiral, Emily C.

AU - Faas, Laura

AU - Pownall, Mary Elizabeth

PY - 2010/5/15

Y1 - 2010/5/15

N2 - In vertebrates, there are two related genes, Sulf1 and Sulf2 that code for extracellular heparan sulphate 6-O-endosulphatases. These enzymes act to post-synthetically remodel heparan sulphate chains, generating structural diversity of cell surface HSPGs: this activity provides an important mechanism to modulate developmental cell signalling. Here we describe the expression and activity of Xenopus tropicalis Sulf2 (XtSulf2), which like XtSulf1, can act extracellularly to inhibit BMP4 and FGF4 signalling. Consistent with its discrete expression in regions of the anterior developing nervous system, we found that overexpression of XtSulf2 disrupts the expression of a set of neural markers and inhibits the migration of the neural crest. Using a combination of grafting experiments and antisense morpholino based knockdown studies in Xeno pus embryos, we demonstrate that endogenous XtSulf1 and XtSulf2 play an important role during cranial neural crest cell migration in vivo. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

AB - In vertebrates, there are two related genes, Sulf1 and Sulf2 that code for extracellular heparan sulphate 6-O-endosulphatases. These enzymes act to post-synthetically remodel heparan sulphate chains, generating structural diversity of cell surface HSPGs: this activity provides an important mechanism to modulate developmental cell signalling. Here we describe the expression and activity of Xenopus tropicalis Sulf2 (XtSulf2), which like XtSulf1, can act extracellularly to inhibit BMP4 and FGF4 signalling. Consistent with its discrete expression in regions of the anterior developing nervous system, we found that overexpression of XtSulf2 disrupts the expression of a set of neural markers and inhibits the migration of the neural crest. Using a combination of grafting experiments and antisense morpholino based knockdown studies in Xeno pus embryos, we demonstrate that endogenous XtSulf1 and XtSulf2 play an important role during cranial neural crest cell migration in vivo. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

KW - Heparan sulphate

KW - HSPG

KW - HS-6-O endosulphatase

KW - Sulf-1

KW - Cell signalling

KW - FGF

KW - BMP

KW - Neural crest

KW - HEPARAN-SULFATE

KW - XENOPUS-EMBRYOS

KW - CELL-MIGRATION

KW - PHARYNGEAL ARCH

KW - IN-VIVO

KW - PROTEOGLYCANS

KW - INDUCTION

KW - QSULF1

KW - GDNF

KW - 6-O-ENDOSULFATASES

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77952319018&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.02.034

DO - 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.02.034

M3 - Article

SN - 0012-1606

VL - 341

SP - 375

EP - 388

JO - Developmental Biology

JF - Developmental Biology

IS - 2

ER -