Pathogens and host immunity in the ancient human oral cavity

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pathogens and host immunity in the ancient human oral cavity

AU - Warinner, Christina

AU - Rodrigues, João F Matias

AU - Vyas, Rounak

AU - Trachsel, Christian

AU - Shved, Natallia

AU - Grossmann, Jonas

AU - Radini, Anita

AU - Hancock, Y

AU - Tito, Raul Y

AU - Fiddyment, Sarah

AU - Speller, Camilla

AU - Hendy, Jessica

AU - Charlton, Sophy

AU - Luder, Hans Ulrich

AU - Salazar-García, Domingo C

AU - Eppler, Elisabeth

AU - Seiler, Roger

AU - Hansen, Lars H

AU - Castruita, José Alfredo Samaniego

AU - Barkow-Oesterreicher, Simon

AU - Teoh, Kai Yik

AU - Kelstrup, Christian D

AU - Olsen, Jesper V

AU - Nanni, Paolo

AU - Kawai, Toshihisa

AU - Willerslev, Eske

AU - von Mering, Christian

AU - Lewis, Cecil M

AU - Collins, Matthew J

AU - Gilbert, M Thomas P

AU - Rühli, Frank

AU - Cappellini, Enrico

PY - 2014/4

Y1 - 2014/4

N2 - Calcified dental plaque (dental calculus) preserves for millennia and entraps biomolecules from all domains of life and viruses. We report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution taxonomic and protein functional characterization of the ancient oral microbiome and demonstrate that the oral cavity has long served as a reservoir for bacteria implicated in both local and systemic disease. We characterize (i) the ancient oral microbiome in a diseased state, (ii) 40 opportunistic pathogens, (iii) ancient human-associated putative antibiotic resistance genes, (iv) a genome reconstruction of the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia, (v) 239 bacterial and 43 human proteins, allowing confirmation of a long-term association between host immune factors, 'red complex' pathogens and periodontal disease, and (vi) DNA sequences matching dietary sources. Directly datable and nearly ubiquitous, dental calculus permits the simultaneous investigation of pathogen activity, host immunity and diet, thereby extending direct investigation of common diseases into the human evolutionary past.

AB - Calcified dental plaque (dental calculus) preserves for millennia and entraps biomolecules from all domains of life and viruses. We report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution taxonomic and protein functional characterization of the ancient oral microbiome and demonstrate that the oral cavity has long served as a reservoir for bacteria implicated in both local and systemic disease. We characterize (i) the ancient oral microbiome in a diseased state, (ii) 40 opportunistic pathogens, (iii) ancient human-associated putative antibiotic resistance genes, (iv) a genome reconstruction of the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia, (v) 239 bacterial and 43 human proteins, allowing confirmation of a long-term association between host immune factors, 'red complex' pathogens and periodontal disease, and (vi) DNA sequences matching dietary sources. Directly datable and nearly ubiquitous, dental calculus permits the simultaneous investigation of pathogen activity, host immunity and diet, thereby extending direct investigation of common diseases into the human evolutionary past.

U2 - 10.1038/ng.2906

DO - 10.1038/ng.2906

M3 - Article

C2 - 24562188

SN - 1061-4036

VL - 46

SP - 336

EP - 344

JO - Nature genetics

JF - Nature genetics

IS - 4

ER -