Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security

Nitin Jain; Hou-Man Chin; Hossein Mani; Cosmo Lupo; Dino Solar Nikolic; Arne Kordts; Stefano Pirandola; Thomas Brochmann Pedersen; Matthias Kolb; Bernhard Ömer; Christoph Pacher; Tobias Gehring; Ulrik L. Andersen

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32161-y

Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security

Nitin Jain, Hou-Man Chin, Hossein Mani, Cosmo Lupo, Dino Solar Nikolic, Arne Kordts, Stefano Pirandola, Thomas Brochmann Pedersen, Matthias Kolb, Bernhard Ömer, Christoph Pacher, Tobias Gehring, Ulrik L. Andersen

Computer Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

A quantum key distribution (QKD) system must fulfill the requirement of universal composability to ensure that any cryptographic application (using the QKD system) is also secure. Furthermore, the theoretical proof responsible for security analysis and key generation should cater to the number $N$ of the distributed quantum states being finite in practice. Continuous-variable (CV) QKD based on coherent states, despite being a suitable candidate for integration in the telecom infrastructure, has so far been unable to demonstrate composability as existing proofs require a rather large $N$ for successful key generation. Here we report the first Gaussian-modulated coherent state CVQKD system that is able to overcome these challenges and can generate composable keys secure against collective attacks with $N \lesssim 3.5\times10^8$ coherent states. With this advance, possible due to novel improvements to the security proof and a fast, yet low-noise and highly stable system operation, CVQKD implementations take a significant step towards their discrete-variable counterparts in practicality, performance, and security.

Original language	English
Article number	4740
Number of pages	8
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32161-y
Publication status	Published - 12 Aug 2022

Bibliographical note

8 pages (including 3 figures and references) + 12 pages supplement

Keywords

quant-ph

Access to Document

10.1038/s41467-022-32161-yLicence: CC BY

2110.09262v1Accepted author manuscript, 1.13 MB

Cite this

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title = "Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security",

abstract = "A quantum key distribution (QKD) system must fulfill the requirement of universal composability to ensure that any cryptographic application (using the QKD system) is also secure. Furthermore, the theoretical proof responsible for security analysis and key generation should cater to the number $N$ of the distributed quantum states being finite in practice. Continuous-variable (CV) QKD based on coherent states, despite being a suitable candidate for integration in the telecom infrastructure, has so far been unable to demonstrate composability as existing proofs require a rather large $N$ for successful key generation. Here we report the first Gaussian-modulated coherent state CVQKD system that is able to overcome these challenges and can generate composable keys secure against collective attacks with $N \lesssim 3.5\times10^8$ coherent states. With this advance, possible due to novel improvements to the security proof and a fast, yet low-noise and highly stable system operation, CVQKD implementations take a significant step towards their discrete-variable counterparts in practicality, performance, and security.",

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AU - Jain, Nitin

AU - Chin, Hou-Man

AU - Mani, Hossein

AU - Lupo, Cosmo

AU - Nikolic, Dino Solar

AU - Kordts, Arne

AU - Pirandola, Stefano

AU - Pedersen, Thomas Brochmann

AU - Kolb, Matthias

AU - Ömer, Bernhard

AU - Pacher, Christoph

AU - Gehring, Tobias

AU - Andersen, Ulrik L.

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PY - 2022/8/12

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AB - A quantum key distribution (QKD) system must fulfill the requirement of universal composability to ensure that any cryptographic application (using the QKD system) is also secure. Furthermore, the theoretical proof responsible for security analysis and key generation should cater to the number $N$ of the distributed quantum states being finite in practice. Continuous-variable (CV) QKD based on coherent states, despite being a suitable candidate for integration in the telecom infrastructure, has so far been unable to demonstrate composability as existing proofs require a rather large $N$ for successful key generation. Here we report the first Gaussian-modulated coherent state CVQKD system that is able to overcome these challenges and can generate composable keys secure against collective attacks with $N \lesssim 3.5\times10^8$ coherent states. With this advance, possible due to novel improvements to the security proof and a fast, yet low-noise and highly stable system operation, CVQKD implementations take a significant step towards their discrete-variable counterparts in practicality, performance, and security.

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