Practical Semi-Device Independent Randomness Generation Based on Quantum State's Indistinguishability

TY - JOUR

T1 - Practical Semi-Device Independent Randomness Generation Based on Quantum State's Indistinguishability

AU - Tebyanian, Hamid

AU - Zahidy, Mujtaba

AU - Avesani, Marco

AU - Stanco, Andrea

AU - Villoresi, Paolo

AU - Vallone, Giuseppe

N1 - © 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. 9 pages, 8 figures

PY - 2021/9/29

Y1 - 2021/9/29

N2 - Semi-device independent (Semi-DI) quantum random number generators (QRNG) gained attention for security applications, offering an excellent trade-off between security and generation rate. This paper presents a proof-of-principle time-bin encoding semi-DI QRNG experiments based on a prepare-and-measure scheme. The protocol requires two simple assumptions and a measurable condition: an upper-bound on the prepared pulses' energy. We lower-bound the conditional min-entropy from the energy-bound and the input-output correlation, determining the amount of genuine randomness that can be certified. Moreover, we present a generalized optimization problem for bounding the min-entropy in the case of multiple-input and outcomes in the form of a semidefinite program (SDP). The protocol is tested with a simple experimental setup, capable of realizing two configurations for the ternary time-bin encoding scheme. The experimental setup is easy-to-implement and comprises commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) components at the telecom wavelength, granting a secure and certifiable entropy source. The combination of ease-of-implementation, scalability, high-security level, and output-entropy make our system a promising candidate for commercial QRNGs.

AB - Semi-device independent (Semi-DI) quantum random number generators (QRNG) gained attention for security applications, offering an excellent trade-off between security and generation rate. This paper presents a proof-of-principle time-bin encoding semi-DI QRNG experiments based on a prepare-and-measure scheme. The protocol requires two simple assumptions and a measurable condition: an upper-bound on the prepared pulses' energy. We lower-bound the conditional min-entropy from the energy-bound and the input-output correlation, determining the amount of genuine randomness that can be certified. Moreover, we present a generalized optimization problem for bounding the min-entropy in the case of multiple-input and outcomes in the form of a semidefinite program (SDP). The protocol is tested with a simple experimental setup, capable of realizing two configurations for the ternary time-bin encoding scheme. The experimental setup is easy-to-implement and comprises commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) components at the telecom wavelength, granting a secure and certifiable entropy source. The combination of ease-of-implementation, scalability, high-security level, and output-entropy make our system a promising candidate for commercial QRNGs.

KW - quant-ph

U2 - 10.1088/2058-9565/ac2047

DO - 10.1088/2058-9565/ac2047

M3 - Article

SN - 2058-9565

VL - 6

JO - Quantum Sci. Technol.

JF - Quantum Sci. Technol.

IS - 4

ER -