Proximity and High Density of Convenience Stores Was Associated With Obesity in Children of a Rural Community of Mexico: Using a Geographic Information System Approach

Gerardo A  Zavala; Tenorio-Palos Yessica; Campos-Ponce Maiza; Elton-Puente Juana Elizabeth; López-González Carlos Alberto; Doak Colleen M; Rosado Jorge L; García Olga P

doi:10.1177/03795721211033146

Proximity and High Density of Convenience Stores Was Associated With Obesity in Children of a Rural Community of Mexico: Using a Geographic Information System Approach

Gerardo A Zavala, Tenorio-Palos Yessica, Campos-Ponce Maiza, Elton-Puente Juana Elizabeth, López-González Carlos Alberto, Doak Colleen M, Rosado Jorge L, García Olga P

Health Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Food environment (FE) has been linked to obesity in urban areas, but there is limited information in rural areas, particularly in developing countries, where prevalence of obesity is high.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between FE and childhood obesity using Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

METHODS: A total of 218 (8-10 years) children participated in a cross-sectional study. Weight, height, and body fat were measured. Geolocation of convenience stores (CS) and participants' households was collected, and the amount of processed food (PF) in the stores was measured. The proximity to the nearest CS and the number of CS within a 250-m buffer from each participant's household was calculated using GIS. Linear regression models between obesity measurements and FE were performed.

RESULTS: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32%. A total of 91% of the children had access to a CS within 250 m. On average, 48% of the shelf-space of the CS were occupied with PF. A positive association between the density of CS with body fat % (β = .145; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .004), abdominal fat % (β = .206; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .003), and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score (BMIz; β = .028; 95% CI, 0.005-0.062, P = .005) was found. Living closer to CS was associated with increases in body fat % (β = -0.009; 95% CI, -0.017 to -0.001, P = 0.025), abdominal fat % (β = -0.012; 95% CI, -0.023 to -0.001, P = 0.033), and BMIz (β = -0.002, 95% CI, -0.004 to -0.001, P = 0.003).

CONCLUSION: In a rural community in Mexico, a high density and low proximity to CS is associated with obesity in school-aged children.

Original language	English
Article number	3795721211033146
Number of pages	12
Journal	Food and nutrition bulletin
Early online date	24 Aug 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721211033146
Publication status	Published - 31 Aug 2021

Bibliographical note

© 2021 by Nevin Scrimshaw International Nutrition Foundation. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details.

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10.1177/03795721211033146

Zavala et al 2021. Proximity and high density of convenience stores was associated with obesity in children of a rural community of Mexico; using a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach
© 2021 by Nevin Scrimshaw International Nutrition Foundation. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details.
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Zavala, G. A., Yessica, T.-P., Maiza, C.-P., Elizabeth, E.-P. J., Alberto, L.-G. C., Colleen M, D., Jorge L, R., & Olga P, G. (2021). Proximity and High Density of Convenience Stores Was Associated With Obesity in Children of a Rural Community of Mexico: Using a Geographic Information System Approach. Food and nutrition bulletin, Article 3795721211033146. https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721211033146

@article{00189ef7cd0549d2bcd5d37424368cca,

title = "Proximity and High Density of Convenience Stores Was Associated With Obesity in Children of a Rural Community of Mexico: Using a Geographic Information System Approach",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Food environment (FE) has been linked to obesity in urban areas, but there is limited information in rural areas, particularly in developing countries, where prevalence of obesity is high.OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between FE and childhood obesity using Geographic Information Systems (GIS).METHODS: A total of 218 (8-10 years) children participated in a cross-sectional study. Weight, height, and body fat were measured. Geolocation of convenience stores (CS) and participants' households was collected, and the amount of processed food (PF) in the stores was measured. The proximity to the nearest CS and the number of CS within a 250-m buffer from each participant's household was calculated using GIS. Linear regression models between obesity measurements and FE were performed.RESULTS: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32%. A total of 91% of the children had access to a CS within 250 m. On average, 48% of the shelf-space of the CS were occupied with PF. A positive association between the density of CS with body fat % (β = .145; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .004), abdominal fat % (β = .206; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .003), and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score (BMIz; β = .028; 95% CI, 0.005-0.062, P = .005) was found. Living closer to CS was associated with increases in body fat % (β = -0.009; 95% CI, -0.017 to -0.001, P = 0.025), abdominal fat % (β = -0.012; 95% CI, -0.023 to -0.001, P = 0.033), and BMIz (β = -0.002, 95% CI, -0.004 to -0.001, P = 0.003).CONCLUSION: In a rural community in Mexico, a high density and low proximity to CS is associated with obesity in school-aged children.",

author = "Zavala, {Gerardo A} and Tenorio-Palos Yessica and Campos-Ponce Maiza and Elizabeth, {Elton-Puente Juana} and Alberto, {L{\'o}pez-Gonz{\'a}lez Carlos} and {Colleen M}, Doak and {Jorge L}, Rosado and {Olga P}, Garc{\'i}a",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2021 by Nevin Scrimshaw International Nutrition Foundation. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher{\textquoteright}s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details. ",

year = "2021",

month = aug,

day = "31",

doi = "10.1177/03795721211033146",

language = "English",

journal = "Food and nutrition bulletin",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Proximity and High Density of Convenience Stores Was Associated With Obesity in Children of a Rural Community of Mexico: Using a Geographic Information System Approach

AU - Zavala, Gerardo A

AU - Yessica, Tenorio-Palos

AU - Maiza, Campos-Ponce

AU - Elizabeth, Elton-Puente Juana

AU - Alberto, López-González Carlos

AU - Colleen M, Doak

AU - Jorge L, Rosado

AU - Olga P, García

N1 - © 2021 by Nevin Scrimshaw International Nutrition Foundation. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details.

PY - 2021/8/31

Y1 - 2021/8/31

N2 - BACKGROUND: Food environment (FE) has been linked to obesity in urban areas, but there is limited information in rural areas, particularly in developing countries, where prevalence of obesity is high.OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between FE and childhood obesity using Geographic Information Systems (GIS).METHODS: A total of 218 (8-10 years) children participated in a cross-sectional study. Weight, height, and body fat were measured. Geolocation of convenience stores (CS) and participants' households was collected, and the amount of processed food (PF) in the stores was measured. The proximity to the nearest CS and the number of CS within a 250-m buffer from each participant's household was calculated using GIS. Linear regression models between obesity measurements and FE were performed.RESULTS: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32%. A total of 91% of the children had access to a CS within 250 m. On average, 48% of the shelf-space of the CS were occupied with PF. A positive association between the density of CS with body fat % (β = .145; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .004), abdominal fat % (β = .206; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .003), and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score (BMIz; β = .028; 95% CI, 0.005-0.062, P = .005) was found. Living closer to CS was associated with increases in body fat % (β = -0.009; 95% CI, -0.017 to -0.001, P = 0.025), abdominal fat % (β = -0.012; 95% CI, -0.023 to -0.001, P = 0.033), and BMIz (β = -0.002, 95% CI, -0.004 to -0.001, P = 0.003).CONCLUSION: In a rural community in Mexico, a high density and low proximity to CS is associated with obesity in school-aged children.

AB - BACKGROUND: Food environment (FE) has been linked to obesity in urban areas, but there is limited information in rural areas, particularly in developing countries, where prevalence of obesity is high.OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between FE and childhood obesity using Geographic Information Systems (GIS).METHODS: A total of 218 (8-10 years) children participated in a cross-sectional study. Weight, height, and body fat were measured. Geolocation of convenience stores (CS) and participants' households was collected, and the amount of processed food (PF) in the stores was measured. The proximity to the nearest CS and the number of CS within a 250-m buffer from each participant's household was calculated using GIS. Linear regression models between obesity measurements and FE were performed.RESULTS: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32%. A total of 91% of the children had access to a CS within 250 m. On average, 48% of the shelf-space of the CS were occupied with PF. A positive association between the density of CS with body fat % (β = .145; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .004), abdominal fat % (β = .206; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .003), and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score (BMIz; β = .028; 95% CI, 0.005-0.062, P = .005) was found. Living closer to CS was associated with increases in body fat % (β = -0.009; 95% CI, -0.017 to -0.001, P = 0.025), abdominal fat % (β = -0.012; 95% CI, -0.023 to -0.001, P = 0.033), and BMIz (β = -0.002, 95% CI, -0.004 to -0.001, P = 0.003).CONCLUSION: In a rural community in Mexico, a high density and low proximity to CS is associated with obesity in school-aged children.

U2 - 10.1177/03795721211033146

DO - 10.1177/03795721211033146

M3 - Article

C2 - 34427148

SN - 0379-5721

JO - Food and nutrition bulletin

JF - Food and nutrition bulletin

M1 - 3795721211033146

ER -