Similarities and differences of emotions in human-machine and human-human interactions: what kind of emotions are relevant for future companion systems?

Steffen Walter; Cornelia Wendt; Jan Böhnke; Stephen Crawcour; Jun-Wen Tan; Andre Chan; Kerstin Limbrecht; Sascha Gruss; Harald C Traue

doi:10.1080/00140139.2013.822566

Similarities and differences of emotions in human-machine and human-human interactions: what kind of emotions are relevant for future companion systems?

Steffen Walter, Cornelia Wendt, Jan Böhnke, Stephen Crawcour, Jun-Wen Tan, Andre Chan, Kerstin Limbrecht, Sascha Gruss, Harald C Traue

The Hull York Medical School

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Cognitive-technical intelligence is envisioned to be constantly available and capable of adapting to the user's emotions. However, the question is: what specific emotions should be reliably recognised by intelligent systems? Hence, in this study, we have attempted to identify similarities and differences of emotions between human-human (HHI) and human-machine interactions (HMI). We focused on what emotions in the experienced scenarios of HMI are retroactively reflected as compared with HHI. The sample consisted of N = 145 participants, who were divided into two groups. Positive and negative scenario descriptions of HMI and HHI were given by the first and second groups, respectively. Subsequently, the participants evaluated their respective scenarios with the help of 94 adjectives relating to emotions. The correlations between the occurrences of emotions in the HMI versus HHI were very high. The results do not support the statement that only a few emotions in HMI are relevant. Practitioner Summary: This study sought to identify the relevant emotions in different technical domains their companion systems tend to use. Overall, the 20 essential emotions found as highly relevant for HMI were as follows: (i) positive, i.e. satisfied, pleased, happy, relieved, pleasant, well, serene, optimistic, confident and self-confident and (ii) negative, i.e. annoyed, aggravated, impatient, angry, unsatisfied, displeased, irritable, frustrated, enraged and tense.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	374-386
Number of pages	13
Journal	Ergonomics
Volume	57
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2013.822566
Publication status	Published - 7 Aug 2013

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10.1080/00140139.2013.822566

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Cite this

@article{de9901a6215341ada079f50750088a74,

title = "Similarities and differences of emotions in human-machine and human-human interactions: what kind of emotions are relevant for future companion systems?",

abstract = "Cognitive-technical intelligence is envisioned to be constantly available and capable of adapting to the user's emotions. However, the question is: what specific emotions should be reliably recognised by intelligent systems? Hence, in this study, we have attempted to identify similarities and differences of emotions between human-human (HHI) and human-machine interactions (HMI). We focused on what emotions in the experienced scenarios of HMI are retroactively reflected as compared with HHI. The sample consisted of N = 145 participants, who were divided into two groups. Positive and negative scenario descriptions of HMI and HHI were given by the first and second groups, respectively. Subsequently, the participants evaluated their respective scenarios with the help of 94 adjectives relating to emotions. The correlations between the occurrences of emotions in the HMI versus HHI were very high. The results do not support the statement that only a few emotions in HMI are relevant. Practitioner Summary: This study sought to identify the relevant emotions in different technical domains their companion systems tend to use. Overall, the 20 essential emotions found as highly relevant for HMI were as follows: (i) positive, i.e. satisfied, pleased, happy, relieved, pleasant, well, serene, optimistic, confident and self-confident and (ii) negative, i.e. annoyed, aggravated, impatient, angry, unsatisfied, displeased, irritable, frustrated, enraged and tense.",

author = "Steffen Walter and Cornelia Wendt and Jan B{\"o}hnke and Stephen Crawcour and Jun-Wen Tan and Andre Chan and Kerstin Limbrecht and Sascha Gruss and Traue, {Harald C}",

year = "2013",

month = aug,

day = "7",

doi = "10.1080/00140139.2013.822566",

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T1 - Similarities and differences of emotions in human-machine and human-human interactions

T2 - what kind of emotions are relevant for future companion systems?

AU - Walter, Steffen

AU - Wendt, Cornelia

AU - Böhnke, Jan

AU - Crawcour, Stephen

AU - Tan, Jun-Wen

AU - Chan, Andre

AU - Limbrecht, Kerstin

AU - Gruss, Sascha

AU - Traue, Harald C

PY - 2013/8/7

Y1 - 2013/8/7

N2 - Cognitive-technical intelligence is envisioned to be constantly available and capable of adapting to the user's emotions. However, the question is: what specific emotions should be reliably recognised by intelligent systems? Hence, in this study, we have attempted to identify similarities and differences of emotions between human-human (HHI) and human-machine interactions (HMI). We focused on what emotions in the experienced scenarios of HMI are retroactively reflected as compared with HHI. The sample consisted of N = 145 participants, who were divided into two groups. Positive and negative scenario descriptions of HMI and HHI were given by the first and second groups, respectively. Subsequently, the participants evaluated their respective scenarios with the help of 94 adjectives relating to emotions. The correlations between the occurrences of emotions in the HMI versus HHI were very high. The results do not support the statement that only a few emotions in HMI are relevant. Practitioner Summary: This study sought to identify the relevant emotions in different technical domains their companion systems tend to use. Overall, the 20 essential emotions found as highly relevant for HMI were as follows: (i) positive, i.e. satisfied, pleased, happy, relieved, pleasant, well, serene, optimistic, confident and self-confident and (ii) negative, i.e. annoyed, aggravated, impatient, angry, unsatisfied, displeased, irritable, frustrated, enraged and tense.

AB - Cognitive-technical intelligence is envisioned to be constantly available and capable of adapting to the user's emotions. However, the question is: what specific emotions should be reliably recognised by intelligent systems? Hence, in this study, we have attempted to identify similarities and differences of emotions between human-human (HHI) and human-machine interactions (HMI). We focused on what emotions in the experienced scenarios of HMI are retroactively reflected as compared with HHI. The sample consisted of N = 145 participants, who were divided into two groups. Positive and negative scenario descriptions of HMI and HHI were given by the first and second groups, respectively. Subsequently, the participants evaluated their respective scenarios with the help of 94 adjectives relating to emotions. The correlations between the occurrences of emotions in the HMI versus HHI were very high. The results do not support the statement that only a few emotions in HMI are relevant. Practitioner Summary: This study sought to identify the relevant emotions in different technical domains their companion systems tend to use. Overall, the 20 essential emotions found as highly relevant for HMI were as follows: (i) positive, i.e. satisfied, pleased, happy, relieved, pleasant, well, serene, optimistic, confident and self-confident and (ii) negative, i.e. annoyed, aggravated, impatient, angry, unsatisfied, displeased, irritable, frustrated, enraged and tense.

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