TY - JOUR
T1 - Statistical analysis of zidovudine (AZT) effect on CD4 cell counts in HIV disease
AU - Mcneil, Alexander J.
AU - Gore, Sheila M.
PY - 1996/1/15
Y1 - 1996/1/15
N2 - We fit a class of random effects linear growth curve models for the square root of CD4 count to serial marker data from 164 HIV-positive individuals with known (or accurately estimated) dates of seroconversion and at least 10 CD4 measurements each (median 16). We do so by adopting a Bayesian viewpoint and using the Markov chain Monte Carlo technique Gibbs sampling. In particular, we examine the effect of the antiretroviral treatment zidovudine on the √CD4 series for the 136 patients who took the drug. Treatment effects are modelled by positing recoveries in √CD4 level proportional to current immune-competence and changes in slope proportional to current rate of √CD4 loss. Both fixed and random treatment effects are considered and models are criticized and compared using Bayesian predictive methodology and checking data which comprise 424 new observations. Results indicate re-elevation of √CD4 level is associated with treatment but the effect, though significant, is mostly of small magnitude and is possibly transient; models neglecting consideration of treatment fit the checking data almost as well. Best overall model estimates mean rate of √CD4 loss per annum to be 2.1 (standard error 0.12); mean seroconversion value of √CD4 is 28.4 (SE 0.65). The estimated variance of individual slopes is 1.9 (SE 0.28), there being considerable individual variation in rate of CD4 loss, and a recovery in level of 0.047 (SE 0.014) times current √CD4 level is estimated at treatment uptake.
AB - We fit a class of random effects linear growth curve models for the square root of CD4 count to serial marker data from 164 HIV-positive individuals with known (or accurately estimated) dates of seroconversion and at least 10 CD4 measurements each (median 16). We do so by adopting a Bayesian viewpoint and using the Markov chain Monte Carlo technique Gibbs sampling. In particular, we examine the effect of the antiretroviral treatment zidovudine on the √CD4 series for the 136 patients who took the drug. Treatment effects are modelled by positing recoveries in √CD4 level proportional to current immune-competence and changes in slope proportional to current rate of √CD4 loss. Both fixed and random treatment effects are considered and models are criticized and compared using Bayesian predictive methodology and checking data which comprise 424 new observations. Results indicate re-elevation of √CD4 level is associated with treatment but the effect, though significant, is mostly of small magnitude and is possibly transient; models neglecting consideration of treatment fit the checking data almost as well. Best overall model estimates mean rate of √CD4 loss per annum to be 2.1 (standard error 0.12); mean seroconversion value of √CD4 is 28.4 (SE 0.65). The estimated variance of individual slopes is 1.9 (SE 0.28), there being considerable individual variation in rate of CD4 loss, and a recovery in level of 0.047 (SE 0.014) times current √CD4 level is estimated at treatment uptake.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0030065374&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960115)15:1<75::AID-SIM142>3.0.CO;2-8
DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960115)15:1<75::AID-SIM142>3.0.CO;2-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 8614747
AN - SCOPUS:0030065374
SN - 0277-6715
VL - 15
SP - 75
EP - 92
JO - Statistics in Medicine
JF - Statistics in Medicine
IS - 1
ER -