Structural and chemical changes of thermally treated bone apatite

Susan Essien Etok; Eugenia Valsami-Jones; Timothy J. Wess; Jennifer C. Hiller; Clark A. Maxwell; Keith D. Rogers; David A. C. Manning; Margaret L. White; Elisa Lopez-Capel; Matthew J. Collins; Mike Buckley; Kirsty E. H. Penkman; Stephen L. Woodgate

doi:10.1007/s10853-007-1993-z

Structural and chemical changes of thermally treated bone apatite

Susan Essien Etok, Eugenia Valsami-Jones, Timothy J. Wess, Jennifer C. Hiller, Clark A. Maxwell, Keith D. Rogers, David A. C. Manning, Margaret L. White, Elisa Lopez-Capel, Matthew J. Collins, Mike Buckley, Kirsty E. H. Penkman, Stephen L. Woodgate

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The thermal behaviour of the animal by-product meat and bone meal (MBM) has been investigated in order to assess how it is affected structurally and chemically by incineration. Initially composed of intergrown collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAP), combustion of the organic component is complete by 650 degrees C, with most mass loss (50-55%) occurring by 500 degrees C. No original proteins were detected in samples heated at 400 degrees C or above. Combustion of collagen is accompanied by an increase in HAP mean crystallite size at temperatures greater than 400 degrees C, from 10 nm to a constant value of 120 nm at 800 degrees C or more. Newly formed crystalline phases appear beyond 400 degrees C, and include beta-tricalcium phosphate, NaCaPO4, halite (NaCl) and sylvite (KCl). Crystallite thickness as judged by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) increases from 2 nm (25-400 degrees C) to 8-9 nm very rapidly at 550 degrees C, and then gradually increases to approximately 10 nm. The original texture of HAP within a collagen matrix is progressively lost, producing a porous HAP dominated solid at 700 degrees C, and a very low porosity sintered HAP product at 900 degrees C.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	9807-9816
Number of pages	10
Journal	JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
Volume	42
Issue number	23
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1993-z
Publication status	Published - Dec 2007

Keywords

MEAL COMBUSTION RESIDUE
X-RAY-DIFFRACTION
COLLAGEN
DISSOLUTION
COATINGS

Access to Document

10.1007/s10853-007-1993-z

Cite this

Etok, S. E., Valsami-Jones, E., Wess, T. J., Hiller, J. C., Maxwell, C. A., Rogers, K. D., Manning, D. A. C., White, M. L., Lopez-Capel, E., Collins, M. J., Buckley, M., Penkman, K. E. H., & Woodgate, S. L. (2007). Structural and chemical changes of thermally treated bone apatite. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, 42(23), 9807-9816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1993-z

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abstract = "The thermal behaviour of the animal by-product meat and bone meal (MBM) has been investigated in order to assess how it is affected structurally and chemically by incineration. Initially composed of intergrown collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAP), combustion of the organic component is complete by 650 degrees C, with most mass loss (50-55%) occurring by 500 degrees C. No original proteins were detected in samples heated at 400 degrees C or above. Combustion of collagen is accompanied by an increase in HAP mean crystallite size at temperatures greater than 400 degrees C, from 10 nm to a constant value of 120 nm at 800 degrees C or more. Newly formed crystalline phases appear beyond 400 degrees C, and include beta-tricalcium phosphate, NaCaPO4, halite (NaCl) and sylvite (KCl). Crystallite thickness as judged by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) increases from 2 nm (25-400 degrees C) to 8-9 nm very rapidly at 550 degrees C, and then gradually increases to approximately 10 nm. The original texture of HAP within a collagen matrix is progressively lost, producing a porous HAP dominated solid at 700 degrees C, and a very low porosity sintered HAP product at 900 degrees C.",

keywords = "MEAL COMBUSTION RESIDUE, X-RAY-DIFFRACTION, COLLAGEN, DISSOLUTION, COATINGS",

author = "Etok, {Susan Essien} and Eugenia Valsami-Jones and Wess, {Timothy J.} and Hiller, {Jennifer C.} and Maxwell, {Clark A.} and Rogers, {Keith D.} and Manning, {David A. C.} and White, {Margaret L.} and Elisa Lopez-Capel and Collins, {Matthew J.} and Mike Buckley and Penkman, {Kirsty E. H.} and Woodgate, {Stephen L.}",

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doi = "10.1007/s10853-007-1993-z",

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AU - Etok, Susan Essien

AU - Valsami-Jones, Eugenia

AU - Wess, Timothy J.

AU - Hiller, Jennifer C.

AU - Maxwell, Clark A.

AU - Rogers, Keith D.

AU - Manning, David A. C.

AU - White, Margaret L.

AU - Lopez-Capel, Elisa

AU - Collins, Matthew J.

AU - Buckley, Mike

AU - Penkman, Kirsty E. H.

AU - Woodgate, Stephen L.

PY - 2007/12

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N2 - The thermal behaviour of the animal by-product meat and bone meal (MBM) has been investigated in order to assess how it is affected structurally and chemically by incineration. Initially composed of intergrown collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAP), combustion of the organic component is complete by 650 degrees C, with most mass loss (50-55%) occurring by 500 degrees C. No original proteins were detected in samples heated at 400 degrees C or above. Combustion of collagen is accompanied by an increase in HAP mean crystallite size at temperatures greater than 400 degrees C, from 10 nm to a constant value of 120 nm at 800 degrees C or more. Newly formed crystalline phases appear beyond 400 degrees C, and include beta-tricalcium phosphate, NaCaPO4, halite (NaCl) and sylvite (KCl). Crystallite thickness as judged by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) increases from 2 nm (25-400 degrees C) to 8-9 nm very rapidly at 550 degrees C, and then gradually increases to approximately 10 nm. The original texture of HAP within a collagen matrix is progressively lost, producing a porous HAP dominated solid at 700 degrees C, and a very low porosity sintered HAP product at 900 degrees C.

AB - The thermal behaviour of the animal by-product meat and bone meal (MBM) has been investigated in order to assess how it is affected structurally and chemically by incineration. Initially composed of intergrown collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAP), combustion of the organic component is complete by 650 degrees C, with most mass loss (50-55%) occurring by 500 degrees C. No original proteins were detected in samples heated at 400 degrees C or above. Combustion of collagen is accompanied by an increase in HAP mean crystallite size at temperatures greater than 400 degrees C, from 10 nm to a constant value of 120 nm at 800 degrees C or more. Newly formed crystalline phases appear beyond 400 degrees C, and include beta-tricalcium phosphate, NaCaPO4, halite (NaCl) and sylvite (KCl). Crystallite thickness as judged by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) increases from 2 nm (25-400 degrees C) to 8-9 nm very rapidly at 550 degrees C, and then gradually increases to approximately 10 nm. The original texture of HAP within a collagen matrix is progressively lost, producing a porous HAP dominated solid at 700 degrees C, and a very low porosity sintered HAP product at 900 degrees C.

KW - MEAL COMBUSTION RESIDUE

KW - X-RAY-DIFFRACTION

KW - COLLAGEN

KW - DISSOLUTION

KW - COATINGS

U2 - 10.1007/s10853-007-1993-z

DO - 10.1007/s10853-007-1993-z

M3 - Article

SN - 0022-2461

VL - 42

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JO - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE

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