Synthesis, characterisation and carbon dioxide capture capacities of hierarchically porous Starbons®

Han Li, Cheng Li, Vitaliy L. Budarin, James H. Clark*, Michael North, Jinxiu Wang, Xiao Wu

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

The synthesis of hierarchically porous Starbon® based materials from initially highly mesoporous Starbons® is reported. Mesoporous starbons® are prepared from three different biopolymers: starch, alginic acid and pectin and each is then activated using three different activating agents: potassium hydroxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen to give a set of hierarchically porous Starbons® which retain the mesopores of the precursor whilst becoming predominantly microporous. The hierarchically porous materials are characterised using nitrogen porosimetry, CHN analysis, ICP-OES, XPS, SEM and TEM imaging. It is shown that the hierarchically porous Starbons® have higher carbon dioxide adsorption capacities than either the mesoporous Starbon® precursors or conventional microporous activated carbon. The materials show selectivities of up to 64 for adsorption of carbon dioxide versus nitrogen and only lose only 3-7% of their carbon dioxide adsorption capacities when the carbon dioxide is saturated with water. The carbon dioxide capture capacity of all 50 Starbon® materials showed a strong and positive linear correlation with the product of the materials ultramicropore surface area and ratio of ultramicropore (0.4-0.7 nm) volume to total pore volume.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1545-1560
Number of pages16
JournalGreen Chemistry
Volume24
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Feb 2022

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