The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Iñigo Olalde; Swapan Mallick; Nick Patterson; Nadin Rohland; Vanessa Villalba-Mouco; Marina Silva; Katharina Dulias; Ceiridwen J Edwards; Francesca Gandini; Maria Pala; Pedro Soares; Manuel Ferrando-Bernal; Nicole Adamski; Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht; Olivia Cheronet; Brendan J Culleton; Daniel Fernandes; Ann Marie Lawson; Matthew Mah; Jonas Oppenheimer; Kristin Stewardson; Zhao Zhang; Juan Manuel Jiménez Arenas; Isidro Jorge Toro Moyano; Domingo C Salazar-García; Pere Castanyer; Marta Santos; Joaquim Tremoleda; Marina Lozano; Pablo García Borja; Javier Fernández-Eraso; José Antonio Mujika-Alustiza; Cecilio Barroso; Francisco J Bermúdez; Enrique Viguera Mínguez; Josep Burch; Neus Coromina; David Vivó; Artur Cebrià; Josep Maria Fullola; Oreto García-Puchol; Juan Ignacio Morales; F Xavier Oms; Tona Majó; Josep Maria Vergès; Antònia Díaz-Carvajal; Imma Ollich-Castanyer; F Javier López-Cachero; Ana Maria Silva; Carmen Alonso-Fernández; Germán Delibes de Castro; Javier Jiménez Echevarría; Adolfo Moreno-Márquez; Guillermo Pascual Berlanga; Pablo Ramos-García; José Ramos-Muñoz; Eduardo Vijande Vila; Gustau Aguilella Arzo; Ángel Esparza Arroyo; Katina T Lillios; Jennifer Mack; Javier Velasco-Vázquez; Anna Waterman; Luis Benítez de Lugo Enrich; María Benito Sánchez; Bibiana Agustí; Ferran Codina; Gabriel de Prado; Almudena Estalrrich; Álvaro Fernández Flores; Clive Finlayson; Geraldine Finlayson; Stewart Finlayson; Francisco Giles-Guzmán; Antonio Rosas; Virginia Barciela González; Gabriel García Atiénzar; Mauro S Hernández Pérez; Armando Llanos; Yolanda Carrión Marco; Isabel Collado Beneyto; David López-Serrano; Mario Sanz Tormo; António C Valera; Concepción Blasco; Corina Liesau; Patricia Ríos; Joan Daura; María Jesús de Pedro Michó; Agustín A Diez-Castillo; Raúl Flores Fernández; Joan Francès Farré; Rafael Garrido-Pena; Victor S Gonçalves; Elisa Guerra-Doce; Ana Mercedes Herrero-Corral; Joaquim Juan-Cabanilles; Daniel López-Reyes; Sarah B McClure; Marta Merino Pérez; Arturo Oliver Foix; Montserrat Sanz Borràs; Ana Catarina Sousa; Julio Manuel Vidal Encinas; Douglas J Kennett; Martin B Richards; Kurt Werner Alt; Wolfgang Haak; Ron Pinhasi; Carles Lalueza-Fox; David Reich

doi:10.1126/science.aav4040

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Iñigo Olalde, Swapan Mallick, Nick Patterson, Nadin Rohland, Vanessa Villalba-Mouco, Marina Silva, Katharina Dulias, Ceiridwen J Edwards, Francesca Gandini, Maria Pala, Pedro Soares, Manuel Ferrando-Bernal, Nicole Adamski, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Olivia Cheronet, Brendan J Culleton, Daniel Fernandes, Ann Marie Lawson, Matthew Mah, Jonas OppenheimerKristin Stewardson, Zhao Zhang, Juan Manuel Jiménez Arenas, Isidro Jorge Toro Moyano, Domingo C Salazar-García, Pere Castanyer, Marta Santos, Joaquim Tremoleda, Marina Lozano, Pablo García Borja, Javier Fernández-Eraso, José Antonio Mujika-Alustiza, Cecilio Barroso, Francisco J Bermúdez, Enrique Viguera Mínguez, Josep Burch, Neus Coromina, David Vivó, Artur Cebrià, Josep Maria Fullola, Oreto García-Puchol, Juan Ignacio Morales, F Xavier Oms, Tona Majó, Josep Maria Vergès, Antònia Díaz-Carvajal, Imma Ollich-Castanyer, F Javier López-Cachero, Ana Maria Silva, Carmen Alonso-Fernández, Germán Delibes de Castro, Javier Jiménez Echevarría, Adolfo Moreno-Márquez, Guillermo Pascual Berlanga, Pablo Ramos-García, José Ramos-Muñoz, Eduardo Vijande Vila, Gustau Aguilella Arzo, Ángel Esparza Arroyo, Katina T Lillios, Jennifer Mack, Javier Velasco-Vázquez, Anna Waterman, Luis Benítez de Lugo Enrich, María Benito Sánchez, Bibiana Agustí, Ferran Codina, Gabriel de Prado, Almudena Estalrrich, Álvaro Fernández Flores, Clive Finlayson, Geraldine Finlayson, Stewart Finlayson, Francisco Giles-Guzmán, Antonio Rosas, Virginia Barciela González, Gabriel García Atiénzar, Mauro S Hernández Pérez, Armando Llanos, Yolanda Carrión Marco, Isabel Collado Beneyto, David López-Serrano, Mario Sanz Tormo, António C Valera, Concepción Blasco, Corina Liesau, Patricia Ríos, Joan Daura, María Jesús de Pedro Michó, Agustín A Diez-Castillo, Raúl Flores Fernández, Joan Francès Farré, Rafael Garrido-Pena, Victor S Gonçalves, Elisa Guerra-Doce, Ana Mercedes Herrero-Corral, Joaquim Juan-Cabanilles, Daniel López-Reyes, Sarah B McClure, Marta Merino Pérez, Arturo Oliver Foix, Montserrat Sanz Borràs, Ana Catarina Sousa, Julio Manuel Vidal Encinas, Douglas J Kennett, Martin B Richards, Kurt Werner Alt, Wolfgang Haak, Ron Pinhasi, Carles Lalueza-Fox, David Reich

Archaeology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1230-1234
Number of pages	5
Journal	Science
Volume	363
Issue number	6432
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav4040
Publication status	Published - 15 Mar 2019

Bibliographical note

Access to Document

10.1126/science.aav4040

Cite this

Olalde, I., Mallick, S., Patterson, N., Rohland, N., Villalba-Mouco, V., Silva, M., Dulias, K., Edwards, C. J., Gandini, F., Pala, M., Soares, P., Ferrando-Bernal, M., Adamski, N., Broomandkhoshbacht, N., Cheronet, O., Culleton, B. J., Fernandes, D., Lawson, A. M., Mah, M., ... Reich, D. (2019). The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years. Science, 363(6432), 1230-1234. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav4040

@article{c1b20e2dea9347fd86630731c6b414e0,

title = "The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years",

abstract = "We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.",

author = "I{\~n}igo Olalde and Swapan Mallick and Nick Patterson and Nadin Rohland and Vanessa Villalba-Mouco and Marina Silva and Katharina Dulias and Edwards, {Ceiridwen J} and Francesca Gandini and Maria Pala and Pedro Soares and Manuel Ferrando-Bernal and Nicole Adamski and Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht and Olivia Cheronet and Culleton, {Brendan J} and Daniel Fernandes and Lawson, {Ann Marie} and Matthew Mah and Jonas Oppenheimer and Kristin Stewardson and Zhao Zhang and {Jim{\'e}nez Arenas}, {Juan Manuel} and {Toro Moyano}, {Isidro Jorge} and Salazar-Garc{\'i}a, {Domingo C} and Pere Castanyer and Marta Santos and Joaquim Tremoleda and Marina Lozano and {Garc{\'i}a Borja}, Pablo and Javier Fern{\'a}ndez-Eraso and Mujika-Alustiza, {Jos{\'e} Antonio} and Cecilio Barroso and Berm{\'u}dez, {Francisco J} and {Viguera M{\'i}nguez}, Enrique and Josep Burch and Neus Coromina and David Viv{\'o} and Artur Cebri{\`a} and Fullola, {Josep Maria} and Oreto Garc{\'i}a-Puchol and Morales, {Juan Ignacio} and Oms, {F Xavier} and Tona Maj{\'o} and Verg{\`e}s, {Josep Maria} and Ant{\`o}nia D{\'i}az-Carvajal and Imma Ollich-Castanyer and L{\'o}pez-Cachero, {F Javier} and Silva, {Ana Maria} and Carmen Alonso-Fern{\'a}ndez and {Delibes de Castro}, Germ{\'a}n and {Jim{\'e}nez Echevarr{\'i}a}, Javier and Adolfo Moreno-M{\'a}rquez and {Pascual Berlanga}, Guillermo and Pablo Ramos-Garc{\'i}a and Jos{\'e} Ramos-Mu{\~n}oz and {Vijande Vila}, Eduardo and {Aguilella Arzo}, Gustau and {Esparza Arroyo}, {\'A}ngel and Lillios, {Katina T} and Jennifer Mack and Javier Velasco-V{\'a}zquez and Anna Waterman and {Ben{\'i}tez de Lugo Enrich}, Luis and {Benito S{\'a}nchez}, Mar{\'i}a and Bibiana Agust{\'i} and Ferran Codina and {de Prado}, Gabriel and Almudena Estalrrich and {Fern{\'a}ndez Flores}, {\'A}lvaro and Clive Finlayson and Geraldine Finlayson and Stewart Finlayson and Francisco Giles-Guzm{\'a}n and Antonio Rosas and {Barciela Gonz{\'a}lez}, Virginia and {Garc{\'i}a Ati{\'e}nzar}, Gabriel and {Hern{\'a}ndez P{\'e}rez}, {Mauro S} and Armando Llanos and {Carri{\'o}n Marco}, Yolanda and {Collado Beneyto}, Isabel and David L{\'o}pez-Serrano and {Sanz Tormo}, Mario and Valera, {Ant{\'o}nio C} and Concepci{\'o}n Blasco and Corina Liesau and Patricia R{\'i}os and Joan Daura and {de Pedro Mich{\'o}}, {Mar{\'i}a Jes{\'u}s} and Diez-Castillo, {Agust{\'i}n A} and {Flores Fern{\'a}ndez}, Ra{\'u}l and {Franc{\`e}s Farr{\'e}}, Joan and Rafael Garrido-Pena and Gon{\c c}alves, {Victor S} and Elisa Guerra-Doce and Herrero-Corral, {Ana Mercedes} and Joaquim Juan-Cabanilles and Daniel L{\'o}pez-Reyes and McClure, {Sarah B} and {Merino P{\'e}rez}, Marta and {Oliver Foix}, Arturo and {Sanz Borr{\`a}s}, Montserrat and Sousa, {Ana Catarina} and {Vidal Encinas}, {Julio Manuel} and Kennett, {Douglas J} and Richards, {Martin B} and {Werner Alt}, Kurt and Wolfgang Haak and Ron Pinhasi and Carles Lalueza-Fox and David Reich",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.",

year = "2019",

month = mar,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1126/science.aav4040",

language = "English",

volume = "363",

pages = "1230--1234",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "6432",

}

Olalde, I, Mallick, S, Patterson, N, Rohland, N, Villalba-Mouco, V, Silva, M, Dulias, K, Edwards, CJ, Gandini, F, Pala, M, Soares, P, Ferrando-Bernal, M, Adamski, N, Broomandkhoshbacht, N, Cheronet, O, Culleton, BJ, Fernandes, D, Lawson, AM, Mah, M, Oppenheimer, J, Stewardson, K, Zhang, Z, Jiménez Arenas, JM, Toro Moyano, IJ, Salazar-García, DC, Castanyer, P, Santos, M, Tremoleda, J, Lozano, M, García Borja, P, Fernández-Eraso, J, Mujika-Alustiza, JA, Barroso, C, Bermúdez, FJ, Viguera Mínguez, E, Burch, J, Coromina, N, Vivó, D, Cebrià, A, Fullola, JM, García-Puchol, O, Morales, JI, Oms, FX, Majó, T, Vergès, JM, Díaz-Carvajal, A, Ollich-Castanyer, I, López-Cachero, FJ, Silva, AM, Alonso-Fernández, C, Delibes de Castro, G, Jiménez Echevarría, J, Moreno-Márquez, A, Pascual Berlanga, G, Ramos-García, P, Ramos-Muñoz, J, Vijande Vila, E, Aguilella Arzo, G, Esparza Arroyo, Á, Lillios, KT, Mack, J, Velasco-Vázquez, J, Waterman, A, Benítez de Lugo Enrich, L, Benito Sánchez, M, Agustí, B, Codina, F, de Prado, G, Estalrrich, A, Fernández Flores, Á, Finlayson, C, Finlayson, G, Finlayson, S, Giles-Guzmán, F, Rosas, A, Barciela González, V, García Atiénzar, G, Hernández Pérez, MS, Llanos, A, Carrión Marco, Y, Collado Beneyto, I, López-Serrano, D, Sanz Tormo, M, Valera, AC, Blasco, C, Liesau, C, Ríos, P, Daura, J, de Pedro Michó, MJ, Diez-Castillo, AA, Flores Fernández, R, Francès Farré, J, Garrido-Pena, R, Gonçalves, VS, Guerra-Doce, E, Herrero-Corral, AM, Juan-Cabanilles, J, López-Reyes, D, McClure, SB, Merino Pérez, M, Oliver Foix, A, Sanz Borràs, M, Sousa, AC, Vidal Encinas, JM, Kennett, DJ, Richards, MB, Werner Alt, K, Haak, W, Pinhasi, R, Lalueza-Fox, C & Reich, D 2019, 'The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years', Science, vol. 363, no. 6432, pp. 1230-1234. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav4040

TY - JOUR

T1 - The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

AU - Olalde, Iñigo

AU - Mallick, Swapan

AU - Patterson, Nick

AU - Rohland, Nadin

AU - Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa

AU - Silva, Marina

AU - Dulias, Katharina

AU - Edwards, Ceiridwen J

AU - Gandini, Francesca

AU - Pala, Maria

AU - Soares, Pedro

AU - Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel

AU - Adamski, Nicole

AU - Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen

AU - Cheronet, Olivia

AU - Culleton, Brendan J

AU - Fernandes, Daniel

AU - Lawson, Ann Marie

AU - Mah, Matthew

AU - Oppenheimer, Jonas

AU - Stewardson, Kristin

AU - Zhang, Zhao

AU - Jiménez Arenas, Juan Manuel

AU - Toro Moyano, Isidro Jorge

AU - Salazar-García, Domingo C

AU - Castanyer, Pere

AU - Santos, Marta

AU - Tremoleda, Joaquim

AU - Lozano, Marina

AU - García Borja, Pablo

AU - Fernández-Eraso, Javier

AU - Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio

AU - Barroso, Cecilio

AU - Bermúdez, Francisco J

AU - Viguera Mínguez, Enrique

AU - Burch, Josep

AU - Coromina, Neus

AU - Vivó, David

AU - Cebrià, Artur

AU - Fullola, Josep Maria

AU - García-Puchol, Oreto

AU - Morales, Juan Ignacio

AU - Oms, F Xavier

AU - Majó, Tona

AU - Vergès, Josep Maria

AU - Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia

AU - Ollich-Castanyer, Imma

AU - López-Cachero, F Javier

AU - Silva, Ana Maria

AU - Alonso-Fernández, Carmen

AU - Delibes de Castro, Germán

AU - Jiménez Echevarría, Javier

AU - Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo

AU - Pascual Berlanga, Guillermo

AU - Ramos-García, Pablo

AU - Ramos-Muñoz, José

AU - Vijande Vila, Eduardo

AU - Aguilella Arzo, Gustau

AU - Esparza Arroyo, Ángel

AU - Lillios, Katina T

AU - Mack, Jennifer

AU - Velasco-Vázquez, Javier

AU - Waterman, Anna

AU - Benítez de Lugo Enrich, Luis

AU - Benito Sánchez, María

AU - Agustí, Bibiana

AU - Codina, Ferran

AU - de Prado, Gabriel

AU - Estalrrich, Almudena

AU - Fernández Flores, Álvaro

AU - Finlayson, Clive

AU - Finlayson, Geraldine

AU - Finlayson, Stewart

AU - Giles-Guzmán, Francisco

AU - Rosas, Antonio

AU - Barciela González, Virginia

AU - García Atiénzar, Gabriel

AU - Hernández Pérez, Mauro S

AU - Llanos, Armando

AU - Carrión Marco, Yolanda

AU - Collado Beneyto, Isabel

AU - López-Serrano, David

AU - Sanz Tormo, Mario

AU - Valera, António C

AU - Blasco, Concepción

AU - Liesau, Corina

AU - Ríos, Patricia

AU - Daura, Joan

AU - de Pedro Michó, María Jesús

AU - Diez-Castillo, Agustín A

AU - Flores Fernández, Raúl

AU - Francès Farré, Joan

AU - Garrido-Pena, Rafael

AU - Gonçalves, Victor S

AU - Guerra-Doce, Elisa

AU - Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes

AU - Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim

AU - López-Reyes, Daniel

AU - McClure, Sarah B

AU - Merino Pérez, Marta

AU - Oliver Foix, Arturo

AU - Sanz Borràs, Montserrat

AU - Sousa, Ana Catarina

AU - Vidal Encinas, Julio Manuel

AU - Kennett, Douglas J

AU - Richards, Martin B

AU - Werner Alt, Kurt

AU - Haak, Wolfgang

AU - Pinhasi, Ron

AU - Lalueza-Fox, Carles

AU - Reich, David

PY - 2019/3/15

Y1 - 2019/3/15

N2 - We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.

AB - We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.

U2 - 10.1126/science.aav4040

DO - 10.1126/science.aav4040

M3 - Article

C2 - 30872528

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 363

SP - 1230

EP - 1234

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6432

ER -