The plastic plant: root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients

TY - JOUR

T1 - The plastic plant: root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients

AU - Hodge, A

PY - 2004/4

Y1 - 2004/4

N2 - When roots encounter a nutrient-rich zone or patch they often proliferate within it. Roots experiencing nutrient-rich patches can also enhance their physiological ion-uptake capacities compared with roots of the same plant outside the patch zone. These plastic responses by the root system have been proposed as the major mechanism by which plants cope with the naturally occurring heterogeneous supplies of nutrients in soil. Various attempts to predict how contrasting species will respond to patches have been made based on specific root length (SRL), root demography and biomass allocation within the patch zone. No one criterion has proved definitive. Actually demonstrating that root proliferation is beneficial to the plant, especially in terms of nitrogen capture from patches, has also proved troublesome. Yet by growing plants under more realistic conditions, such as in interspecific plant competition, and with a complex organic patch, a direct benefit can be demonstrated. Thus, as highlighted in this review, the environmental context in which the root response is expressed is as important as the magnitude of the response itself.

AB - When roots encounter a nutrient-rich zone or patch they often proliferate within it. Roots experiencing nutrient-rich patches can also enhance their physiological ion-uptake capacities compared with roots of the same plant outside the patch zone. These plastic responses by the root system have been proposed as the major mechanism by which plants cope with the naturally occurring heterogeneous supplies of nutrients in soil. Various attempts to predict how contrasting species will respond to patches have been made based on specific root length (SRL), root demography and biomass allocation within the patch zone. No one criterion has proved definitive. Actually demonstrating that root proliferation is beneficial to the plant, especially in terms of nitrogen capture from patches, has also proved troublesome. Yet by growing plants under more realistic conditions, such as in interspecific plant competition, and with a complex organic patch, a direct benefit can be demonstrated. Thus, as highlighted in this review, the environmental context in which the root response is expressed is as important as the magnitude of the response itself.

KW - soil heterogeneity

KW - root proliferation

KW - root ion-uptake capacities

KW - nutrient patches

KW - microorganisms

KW - patch attributes

KW - ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI MALVACEAE

KW - ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGUS

KW - LOCALIZED SOIL ENRICHMENT

KW - COLD-DESERT PERENNIALS

KW - NITROGEN-RICH PATCHES

KW - ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA

KW - AGROPYRON-DESERTORUM

KW - FINE ROOTS

KW - MORPHOLOGICAL PLASTICITY

KW - PHOSPHATE ACQUISITION

U2 - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01015.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01015.x

M3 - Literature review

SN - 0028-646X

VL - 162

SP - 9

EP - 24

JO - New Phytologist

JF - New Phytologist

IS - 1

ER -