The Polymerization of Homogentisic Acid In Vitro as a Model for Pyomelanin Formation

Hanaa A. Galeb; Angelo Lamantia; Alexander Robson; Katja König; Jonas Eichhorn; Sara J. Baldock; Mark D. Ashton; John V. Baum; Richard L. Mort; Benjamin J. Robinson; Felix H. Schacher; Victor Chechik; Adam M. Taylor; John G. Hardy

doi:10.1002/macp.202100489

The Polymerization of Homogentisic Acid In Vitro as a Model for Pyomelanin Formation

Hanaa A. Galeb, Angelo Lamantia, Alexander Robson, Katja König, Jonas Eichhorn, Sara J. Baldock, Mark D. Ashton, John V. Baum, Richard L. Mort, Benjamin J. Robinson, Felix H. Schacher, Victor Chechik, Adam M. Taylor, John G. Hardy^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Melanins are a class of biopolymers that are widespread in nature, with diverse origins, compositions, and functions, and their chemical and optoelectronic properties render them potentially useful for application in materials science for various biotechnological applications. For patients with alkaptonuria, the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA) in their bodies is associated with the concomitant deposition of pyomelanin, which is a pigment that contains significant amounts of polymerized HGA (polyHGA) in the bodily tissues of the patients. The polymerization of HGA under various different conditions in vitro is investigated using a selection of different analytical chemistry techniques to understand if there may be a correlation between the conditions and pigment deposition in vivo, and their potential for application as green/sustainable and components of electronic devices.

Original language	English
Article number	2100489
Number of pages	10
Journal	Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
Volume	223
Issue number	6
Early online date	10 Feb 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202100489
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 10 Feb 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors thank the Ministry of Education of Saudi Arabia and the Saudi Cultural Bureau for financial support for H.A.G. (Grant: KAU1526). J.G.H. thanks the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for financial support (via Grant Nos. EP/R003823/1, EP/R511560/1, and EP/K03099X/1), and the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council for financial support (via Grant No. BB/L0137971/1) and the UK Royal Society for financial support (via Grant No. RG160449). J.G.H. and R.L.M. thank the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) for financial support (via Grant No. MC_PC_17192). The authors thank Geoffrey R. Akien at Lancaster University for insightful discussions about NMR.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics published by Wiley-VCH GmbH

Keywords

alkaptonuria
conjugated polymers
melanins
organic electronics
pyomelanins

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The Polymerization of Homogentisic Acid In Vitro as aModel for Pyomelanin Formation
© 2022 The Authors.
Final published version, 2.41 MBLicence: CC BY

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Galeb, H. A., Lamantia, A., Robson, A., König, K., Eichhorn, J., Baldock, S. J., Ashton, M. D., Baum, J. V., Mort, R. L., Robinson, B. J., Schacher, F. H., Chechik, V., Taylor, A. M., & Hardy, J. G. (2022). The Polymerization of Homogentisic Acid In Vitro as a Model for Pyomelanin Formation. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 223(6), Article 2100489. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202100489

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AU - Eichhorn, Jonas

AU - Baldock, Sara J.

AU - Ashton, Mark D.

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The Polymerization of Homogentisic Acid In Vitro as a Model for Pyomelanin Formation

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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