The Response of Lemna minor to Mixtures of Pesticides That Are Commonly Used in Thailand

Rungnapa Tagun; Alistair B A Boxall

doi:10.1007/s00128-018-2291-y

The Response of Lemna minor to Mixtures of Pesticides That Are Commonly Used in Thailand

Rungnapa Tagun, Alistair B A Boxall

Environment and Geography

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

In the field, aquatic organisms are exposed to multiple contaminants rather than to single compounds. It is therefore important to understand the toxic interactions of co-occurring substances in the environment. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of individual herbicides (atrazine, 2,4-D, alachlor and paraquat) that are commonly used in Thailand and their mixtures on Lemna minor. Plants were exposed to individual and binary mixtures for 7 days and the effects on plant growth rate were assesed based on frond area measurements. Experimental observations of mixture toxicity were compared with predictions based on single herbicide exposure data using concentration addition and independent action models. The single compound studies showed that paraquat and alachlor were most toxic to L. minor, followed by atrazine and then 2,4-D. For the mixtures, atrazine with 2,4-D appeared to act antagonistically, whereas alachlor and paraquat showed synergism.

Original language	English
Number of pages	8
Journal	Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Early online date	13 Feb 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-018-2291-y
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 13 Feb 2018

Bibliographical note

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details

Keywords

Journal Article

Access to Document

10.1007/s00128-018-2291-y

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© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details
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Cite this

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abstract = "In the field, aquatic organisms are exposed to multiple contaminants rather than to single compounds. It is therefore important to understand the toxic interactions of co-occurring substances in the environment. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of individual herbicides (atrazine, 2,4-D, alachlor and paraquat) that are commonly used in Thailand and their mixtures on Lemna minor. Plants were exposed to individual and binary mixtures for 7 days and the effects on plant growth rate were assesed based on frond area measurements. Experimental observations of mixture toxicity were compared with predictions based on single herbicide exposure data using concentration addition and independent action models. The single compound studies showed that paraquat and alachlor were most toxic to L. minor, followed by atrazine and then 2,4-D. For the mixtures, atrazine with 2,4-D appeared to act antagonistically, whereas alachlor and paraquat showed synergism.",

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