Use of bone meal amendments to immobilise Pb, Zn and Cd in soil: a leaching column study

I. R. Sneddon; M. Orueetxebarria; M. E. Hodson; P. F. Schofield; E. Valsami-Jones

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.008

Use of bone meal amendments to immobilise Pb, Zn and Cd in soil: a leaching column study

I. R. Sneddon, M. Orueetxebarria, M. E. Hodson, P. F. Schofield, E. Valsami-Jones

Environment and Geography

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The aim of this study is to test the stabilisation of metals in contaminated soils via the formation of low-solubility metal phosphates. Bone apatite, in the form of commercially available bone meal, was tested as a phosphate source on a mine waste contaminated made-ground with high levels of Pb, Zn and Cd. Triplicate leaching columns were set up at bone meal to soil ratios of 1:25 and 1:10, in addition to unamended controls, and were run for 18 months. The columns were irrigated daily with a synthetic rain solution at pH of 2, 3, and 4.4. After 100 days, the leachate Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations of all amended columns were significantly reduced. For 1:10 treatments, release of these metals was suppressed throughout the trial. For 1:25 treatments, Zn and Cd concentrations in the leachates began to increase after 300 days. DTPA and water extractions showed that Pb and Cd were more strongly held in the amended soils. This study concludes that the complexity of soil processes and the small quantities of metals sequestered precluded determination of a metal immobilisation mechanism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	816-825
Number of pages	10
Journal	Environmental Pollution
Volume	144
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.008
Publication status	Published - Dec 2006

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title = "Use of bone meal amendments to immobilise Pb, Zn and Cd in soil: a leaching column study",

abstract = "The aim of this study is to test the stabilisation of metals in contaminated soils via the formation of low-solubility metal phosphates. Bone apatite, in the form of commercially available bone meal, was tested as a phosphate source on a mine waste contaminated made-ground with high levels of Pb, Zn and Cd. Triplicate leaching columns were set up at bone meal to soil ratios of 1:25 and 1:10, in addition to unamended controls, and were run for 18 months. The columns were irrigated daily with a synthetic rain solution at pH of 2, 3, and 4.4. After 100 days, the leachate Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations of all amended columns were significantly reduced. For 1:10 treatments, release of these metals was suppressed throughout the trial. For 1:25 treatments, Zn and Cd concentrations in the leachates began to increase after 300 days. DTPA and water extractions showed that Pb and Cd were more strongly held in the amended soils. This study concludes that the complexity of soil processes and the small quantities of metals sequestered precluded determination of a metal immobilisation mechanism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",

author = "Sneddon, {I. R.} and M. Orueetxebarria and Hodson, {M. E.} and Schofield, {P. F.} and E. Valsami-Jones",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Use of bone meal amendments to immobilise Pb, Zn and Cd in soil

T2 - a leaching column study

AU - Sneddon, I. R.

AU - Orueetxebarria, M.

AU - Hodson, M. E.

AU - Schofield, P. F.

AU - Valsami-Jones, E.

PY - 2006/12

Y1 - 2006/12

N2 - The aim of this study is to test the stabilisation of metals in contaminated soils via the formation of low-solubility metal phosphates. Bone apatite, in the form of commercially available bone meal, was tested as a phosphate source on a mine waste contaminated made-ground with high levels of Pb, Zn and Cd. Triplicate leaching columns were set up at bone meal to soil ratios of 1:25 and 1:10, in addition to unamended controls, and were run for 18 months. The columns were irrigated daily with a synthetic rain solution at pH of 2, 3, and 4.4. After 100 days, the leachate Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations of all amended columns were significantly reduced. For 1:10 treatments, release of these metals was suppressed throughout the trial. For 1:25 treatments, Zn and Cd concentrations in the leachates began to increase after 300 days. DTPA and water extractions showed that Pb and Cd were more strongly held in the amended soils. This study concludes that the complexity of soil processes and the small quantities of metals sequestered precluded determination of a metal immobilisation mechanism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

AB - The aim of this study is to test the stabilisation of metals in contaminated soils via the formation of low-solubility metal phosphates. Bone apatite, in the form of commercially available bone meal, was tested as a phosphate source on a mine waste contaminated made-ground with high levels of Pb, Zn and Cd. Triplicate leaching columns were set up at bone meal to soil ratios of 1:25 and 1:10, in addition to unamended controls, and were run for 18 months. The columns were irrigated daily with a synthetic rain solution at pH of 2, 3, and 4.4. After 100 days, the leachate Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations of all amended columns were significantly reduced. For 1:10 treatments, release of these metals was suppressed throughout the trial. For 1:25 treatments, Zn and Cd concentrations in the leachates began to increase after 300 days. DTPA and water extractions showed that Pb and Cd were more strongly held in the amended soils. This study concludes that the complexity of soil processes and the small quantities of metals sequestered precluded determination of a metal immobilisation mechanism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.008

DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.008

M3 - Article

SN - 0269-7491

VL - 144

SP - 816

EP - 825

JO - Environmental Pollution

JF - Environmental Pollution

IS - 3

ER -