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Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China

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Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China. / Elzein, Atallah; Dunmore, Rachel E.; Ward, Martyn W.; Hamilton, Jacqueline F.; Lewis, Alastair C.

In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, No. 13, 10.07.2019, p. 8741-8758.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Harvard

Elzein, A, Dunmore, RE, Ward, MW, Hamilton, JF & Lewis, AC 2019, 'Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China', Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 19, no. 13, pp. 8741-8758. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8741-2019

APA

Elzein, A., Dunmore, R. E., Ward, M. W., Hamilton, J. F., & Lewis, A. C. (2019). Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19(13), 8741-8758. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8741-2019

Vancouver

Elzein A, Dunmore RE, Ward MW, Hamilton JF, Lewis AC. Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2019 Jul 10;19(13):8741-8758. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8741-2019

Author

Elzein, Atallah ; Dunmore, Rachel E. ; Ward, Martyn W. ; Hamilton, Jacqueline F. ; Lewis, Alastair C. / Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China. In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2019 ; Vol. 19, No. 13. pp. 8741-8758.

Bibtex - Download

@article{54a8dda4c23347f3b1ec501c3abb5033,
title = "Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China",
abstract = "Ambient particulate matter (PM) can contain a mix of different toxic species derived from a wide variety of sources. This study quantifies the diurnal variation and nocturnal abundance of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 10 oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) and 9 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) in ambient PM in central Beijing during winter. Target compounds were identified and quantified using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-Q-ToF-MS). The total concentration of PAHs varied between 18 and 297 ngm-3 over 3 h daytime filter samples and from 23 to 165 ngm-3 in 15 h night-time samples. The total concentrations of PAHs over 24 h varied between 37 and 180 ngm-3 (mean: 97±43 ngm-3). The total daytime concentrations during high particulate loading conditions for PAHs, OPAHs and NPAHs were 224, 54 and 2.3 ngm-3, respectively. The most abundant PAHs were fluoranthene (33 ngm-3), chrysene (27 ngm-3), pyrene (27 ngm-3), benzo[a]pyrene (27 ngm-3), benzo[b]fluoranthene (25 ngm-3), benzo[a]anthracene (20 ngm-3) and phenanthrene (18 ngm-3). The most abundant OPAHs were 9,10-anthraquinone (18 ngm-3), 1,8-naphthalic anhydride (14 ngm-3) and 9-fluorenone (12 ngm-3), and the three most abundant NPAHs were 9-nitroanthracene (0.84 ngm-3), 3-nitrofluoranthene (0.78 ngm-3) and 3-nitrodibenzofuran (0.45 ngm-3). Σ PAHs and Σ OPAHs showed a strong positive correlation with the gas-phase abundance of NO, CO, SO2 and HONO, indicating that PAHs and OPAHs can be associated with both local and regional emissions. Diagnostic ratios suggested emissions from traffic road and coal combustion were the predominant sources of PAHs in Beijing and also revealed the main source of NPAHs to be secondary photochemical formation rather than primary emissions. PM2.5 and NPAHs showed a strong correlation with gas-phase HONO. 9- Nitroanthracene appeared to undergo a photodegradation during the daytime and showed a strong positive correlation with ambient HONO (R D 0:90, P <0:001). The lifetime excess lung cancer risk for those species that have available toxicological data (16 PAHs, 1 OPAH and 6 NPAHs) was calculated to be in the range 10-5 to 10-3 (risk per million people ranges from 26 to 2053 cases per year).",
author = "Atallah Elzein and Dunmore, {Rachel E.} and Ward, {Martyn W.} and Hamilton, {Jacqueline F.} and Lewis, {Alastair C.}",
note = "{\textcopyright} Author(s) 2019.",
year = "2019",
month = jul,
day = "10",
doi = "10.5194/acp-19-8741-2019",
language = "English",
volume = "19",
pages = "8741--8758",
journal = "Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics",
issn = "1680-7316",
publisher = "Copernicus Publications",
number = "13",

}

RIS (suitable for import to EndNote) - Download

TY - JOUR

T1 - Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China

AU - Elzein, Atallah

AU - Dunmore, Rachel E.

AU - Ward, Martyn W.

AU - Hamilton, Jacqueline F.

AU - Lewis, Alastair C.

N1 - © Author(s) 2019.

PY - 2019/7/10

Y1 - 2019/7/10

N2 - Ambient particulate matter (PM) can contain a mix of different toxic species derived from a wide variety of sources. This study quantifies the diurnal variation and nocturnal abundance of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 10 oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) and 9 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) in ambient PM in central Beijing during winter. Target compounds were identified and quantified using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-Q-ToF-MS). The total concentration of PAHs varied between 18 and 297 ngm-3 over 3 h daytime filter samples and from 23 to 165 ngm-3 in 15 h night-time samples. The total concentrations of PAHs over 24 h varied between 37 and 180 ngm-3 (mean: 97±43 ngm-3). The total daytime concentrations during high particulate loading conditions for PAHs, OPAHs and NPAHs were 224, 54 and 2.3 ngm-3, respectively. The most abundant PAHs were fluoranthene (33 ngm-3), chrysene (27 ngm-3), pyrene (27 ngm-3), benzo[a]pyrene (27 ngm-3), benzo[b]fluoranthene (25 ngm-3), benzo[a]anthracene (20 ngm-3) and phenanthrene (18 ngm-3). The most abundant OPAHs were 9,10-anthraquinone (18 ngm-3), 1,8-naphthalic anhydride (14 ngm-3) and 9-fluorenone (12 ngm-3), and the three most abundant NPAHs were 9-nitroanthracene (0.84 ngm-3), 3-nitrofluoranthene (0.78 ngm-3) and 3-nitrodibenzofuran (0.45 ngm-3). Σ PAHs and Σ OPAHs showed a strong positive correlation with the gas-phase abundance of NO, CO, SO2 and HONO, indicating that PAHs and OPAHs can be associated with both local and regional emissions. Diagnostic ratios suggested emissions from traffic road and coal combustion were the predominant sources of PAHs in Beijing and also revealed the main source of NPAHs to be secondary photochemical formation rather than primary emissions. PM2.5 and NPAHs showed a strong correlation with gas-phase HONO. 9- Nitroanthracene appeared to undergo a photodegradation during the daytime and showed a strong positive correlation with ambient HONO (R D 0:90, P <0:001). The lifetime excess lung cancer risk for those species that have available toxicological data (16 PAHs, 1 OPAH and 6 NPAHs) was calculated to be in the range 10-5 to 10-3 (risk per million people ranges from 26 to 2053 cases per year).

AB - Ambient particulate matter (PM) can contain a mix of different toxic species derived from a wide variety of sources. This study quantifies the diurnal variation and nocturnal abundance of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 10 oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) and 9 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) in ambient PM in central Beijing during winter. Target compounds were identified and quantified using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-Q-ToF-MS). The total concentration of PAHs varied between 18 and 297 ngm-3 over 3 h daytime filter samples and from 23 to 165 ngm-3 in 15 h night-time samples. The total concentrations of PAHs over 24 h varied between 37 and 180 ngm-3 (mean: 97±43 ngm-3). The total daytime concentrations during high particulate loading conditions for PAHs, OPAHs and NPAHs were 224, 54 and 2.3 ngm-3, respectively. The most abundant PAHs were fluoranthene (33 ngm-3), chrysene (27 ngm-3), pyrene (27 ngm-3), benzo[a]pyrene (27 ngm-3), benzo[b]fluoranthene (25 ngm-3), benzo[a]anthracene (20 ngm-3) and phenanthrene (18 ngm-3). The most abundant OPAHs were 9,10-anthraquinone (18 ngm-3), 1,8-naphthalic anhydride (14 ngm-3) and 9-fluorenone (12 ngm-3), and the three most abundant NPAHs were 9-nitroanthracene (0.84 ngm-3), 3-nitrofluoranthene (0.78 ngm-3) and 3-nitrodibenzofuran (0.45 ngm-3). Σ PAHs and Σ OPAHs showed a strong positive correlation with the gas-phase abundance of NO, CO, SO2 and HONO, indicating that PAHs and OPAHs can be associated with both local and regional emissions. Diagnostic ratios suggested emissions from traffic road and coal combustion were the predominant sources of PAHs in Beijing and also revealed the main source of NPAHs to be secondary photochemical formation rather than primary emissions. PM2.5 and NPAHs showed a strong correlation with gas-phase HONO. 9- Nitroanthracene appeared to undergo a photodegradation during the daytime and showed a strong positive correlation with ambient HONO (R D 0:90, P <0:001). The lifetime excess lung cancer risk for those species that have available toxicological data (16 PAHs, 1 OPAH and 6 NPAHs) was calculated to be in the range 10-5 to 10-3 (risk per million people ranges from 26 to 2053 cases per year).

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069048462&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.5194/acp-19-8741-2019

DO - 10.5194/acp-19-8741-2019

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85069048462

VL - 19

SP - 8741

EP - 8758

JO - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

SN - 1680-7316

IS - 13

ER -

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