Work Statistics and Entanglement Across the Fermionic Superfluid-Insulator Transition

TY - JOUR

T1 - Work Statistics and Entanglement Across the Fermionic Superfluid-Insulator Transition

AU - Zawadzki, Krissia

AU - Canella, Guilherme A.

AU - França, Vivian V.

AU - D'Amico, Irene

N1 - Funding Information: K.Z. acknowledged the European Research Council Starting Grant ODYSSEY (G. A. 758403) for financial support and the Northeastern University for computational resources through the Discovery Cluster at the Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center (MGHPCC). G.C. thanks the Department of Physics of the University of York for the kind hospitality and the Coordenação de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior ‐ Brasil (CAPES) ‐ Finance Code 001. VVF was supported by FAPESP (2021/06744‐8) and CNPq (403890/2021‐7; 140854/2021‐5). IDA was partly supported by FAPESP (2022/05198‐2) and acknowledged the kind hospitality of the Instituto de Fsica de São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos (Brazil). Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors. Advanced Quantum Technologies published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

PY - 2024/1/20

Y1 - 2024/1/20

N2 - Entanglement in many-body systems may display quantum phase transition signatures, and analogous insights are emerging in the study of work fluctuations. Here, the fermionic superfluid-to-insulator transition (SIT) is considered and related to its entanglement properties and its work distribution statistics. Using the attractive fermionic Hubbard model with randomly distributed impurities, the work distribution is analyzed under two quench protocols triggering the SIT. In the first, the concentration of impurities is increased; in the second, the impurities' disorder strength is varied. The results indicate that, at criticality, the entanglement is minimized while the average work is maximized. This study demonstrates that, for this state, density fluctuations vanish at all orders, resulting in all central moments of the work probability distribution being precisely zero. For systems undergoing a precursor to the transition (short chains with finite impurity potential) numerical results confirm these predictions, with higher moments further from the ideal results. For both protocols, at criticality, the system absorbs the most energy with almost no penalty in terms of fluctuations: ultimately this feature can be used to implement a quantum critical battery. The impact of temperature on this critical behaviour is also investigated and shown to favor work extraction for high enough temperatures.

AB - Entanglement in many-body systems may display quantum phase transition signatures, and analogous insights are emerging in the study of work fluctuations. Here, the fermionic superfluid-to-insulator transition (SIT) is considered and related to its entanglement properties and its work distribution statistics. Using the attractive fermionic Hubbard model with randomly distributed impurities, the work distribution is analyzed under two quench protocols triggering the SIT. In the first, the concentration of impurities is increased; in the second, the impurities' disorder strength is varied. The results indicate that, at criticality, the entanglement is minimized while the average work is maximized. This study demonstrates that, for this state, density fluctuations vanish at all orders, resulting in all central moments of the work probability distribution being precisely zero. For systems undergoing a precursor to the transition (short chains with finite impurity potential) numerical results confirm these predictions, with higher moments further from the ideal results. For both protocols, at criticality, the system absorbs the most energy with almost no penalty in terms of fluctuations: ultimately this feature can be used to implement a quantum critical battery. The impact of temperature on this critical behaviour is also investigated and shown to favor work extraction for high enough temperatures.

KW - quantum phase transition

KW - quantum thermodynamics

KW - quantum work

KW - sudden quench

KW - superfluid-insulator transition

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182638471&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/qute.202300237

DO - 10.1002/qute.202300237

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85182638471

SN - 2511-9044

JO - Advanced Quantum Technologies

JF - Advanced Quantum Technologies

ER -